【作者】 何超；

【导师】 董重成；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国住宅采暖中,散热器采暖系统仍为主要选择方式。但是,在安装散热器时装修单位或零售商等非设计人员往往不能掌握房间散热器的具体需求数量,目前还没有一种操作简单、计算可靠的软件供其选用。另外,散热器片数取整不当时,容易出现“节能建筑不节能”的被动局面,造成能源的浪费。因此,开发采暖散热器数量简易计算软件、开展散热器片数取整的研究具有重要作用。首先,在对热负荷和散热器数量的计算以及基本参数的确定进行合理简化后,选用C++ Builder作为软件开发环境开发了采暖散热器数量简易计算软件。利用该软件进行的具体实例计算表明,该软件具有界面简洁友好、操作简单等优点。其次,本文在稳态传热的基础上开展了不同地区、不同散热器类型下散热器片数取整对室温影响的计算分析。不考虑户间传热情况下的研究表明:相同地区同种散热器片数越多,取整后对室温的影响越小;不同柱式散热器片数取整对室温影响差别很小,可以将取整标准统一;越寒冷的地区,同种散热器相同片数取整对室温影响越大。最后,进一步分析了考虑户间传热情况下散热器片数取整对室温的影响。研究得出:考虑户间传热时,散热器片数取整对室温的影响与不考虑户间传热时变化规律一致,且波动幅度基本相同;室内设计温度的升高使得散热器片数取整具有更大的灵活性;在同一地区,户间传热设计量占热负荷百分比越小,可舍去尾数的散热器片数越大;考虑到户间传热发生的不确定性导致室温较高,可以按照室温不低于18℃的标准进行散热器片数取整。通过本文的研究可以得出:柱式散热器在不考虑户间传热时不同地区可舍去尾数的片数不同,在室温降低1℃范围内,哈尔滨地区为20片以上,沈阳地区为19片以上,北京地区为16片以上,郑州地区则为14片以上可以舍去尾数。考虑户间传热时,以室温18℃的为标准进行散热器片数取整时,则各地区片数在12片以上时均可舍去尾数。板式散热器按照0.2m为单位进行取整时对室温影响较大,建议取整按照0.1m为单位进行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Radiator heating system is still the main building heating system in our country. However, during the self-assembling radiator process, decorated engineers, retailers, users and others besides designers sometimes can not predict the concrete quantity of radiators they needed in a room. There is not easy-handling and reliable computing software to meet the need. Moreover, when the quantity of radiators is inappropriate, the energy conservation building will not save energy any more, and result in energy consuming. Therefore, it has a significant meaning to explore easy-computing heating radiator quantity software and develop the research on editing radiator quantity.Fist of all, after simplifying the calculating of heating load amount and radiators quantity properly, and fixing on basic properties properly, we use C++ Builder as the software development environment to develop a simple heating radiator quantity calculating software. The specific example proceeded by the software demonstrated that this software has many merits like compact and friendly interface, easy to manipulate and so on.Secondly, based on the assumption that heat transfer between households is ignored during the steady-state, the thesis calculated the radiator quantity in different regions and different radiator types, and analyzed its influence on indoor temperature. The research demonstrated that: the more radiators there are, the less influence it would take to the indoor temperature after rounding the radiator quantity in the same region; editing column radiator quantity has wee influence on indoor temperature difference, so the editing criteria can be unified; editing the same quantity of the same radiator type has a significant influence on indoor temperature in cold regions.In the end, we analyzed the influence on indoor temperature by editing radiator amount under the condition that heat transfer between households is considered. We can come to a conclusion that: Whether considering the heat transfer between adjacent rooms or not, the influence of editing radiator pieces amount towards indoor temperature has the same regularity, and fluctuation range is basically the same. Higher indoor temperature make editing criteria more flexible. In the same region, the smaller the designed heat transfer takes percentage in the total heat load, the larger the round-off of the radiator pieces amount could be. Considering that the heat transfer between adjacent rooms occurs uncertainty, and it would result in elevate indoor temperature, we edit the radiator pieces amount according to the standard that indoor temperature can not lower than 18℃.The results of this study show that:Without considering heat transfer of neighboring-house, column radiator can truncate different round-off in different regions. The round-off amount would be more than 20 pieces in Harbin; more than 19 pieces in Shenyang; more than 16 pieces in Beijing; and more than 14 pieces in Zhengzhou. When heat transfer between adjacent rooms is considered and 18℃is used as standard temperature, 12 pieces radiators can be rounded off in different regions. Since indoor temperature would be influenced more if panel radiator used 0.2m as a unit, 0.1m is the suggested unit during editing.更多还原