【作者】 付方发；

【导师】 王进祥；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 微电子学与固体电子学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 片上网络作为解决复杂SoC中全局通信问题的一种全新方案,面临着巨大的设计挑战。主要因为其研究的问题范围非常广泛,内容包括系统建模,通信模型抽象,片上网络的拓扑﹑协议﹑仲裁,性能分析,IP模块在网络中的布局与映射,片上网络设计自动化,NoC系统的测试和验证等。一个面向具体应用的NoC设计,从拓扑结构的选择,协议的确定,到最后基础部件的设计等各个设计过程,每一步都有很多的选择,整个设计拥有巨大的设计空间,不同的设计之间存在着很大的差异,如何评价片上网络的设计是否满足系统应用的要求,需要一个恰当的评估方法。因此,如何对片上网络设计进行性能评估就显得非常重要。本文首先在分析国内外相关研究的基础上,通过对片上网络特性的分析,借鉴传统网络、并行计算机互联网络以及总线事务处理的思想,确定片上网络的性能指标,并分别给出属于网络特性和事务特性的指标的定义及其理论计算公式,主要包括平均延迟,吞吐率以及链路利用率等。然后在分析基本传统网络和面向实际应用的片上网络的流量特性的基础上,通过将流量的时间特性和空间特性分别抽象,形成流量的时空二维模型,合成了包含两种时间分布和两种空间分布的流量产生模型,其中空间分布符合均匀分布和局部降概率分布,时间分布符合泊松分布和自相似分布。从而得到可以产生四种不同流量特性的流量产生模型。采用分层逐级抽象的建模方法,结合片上网络的流量特性,提出一种可扩展,支持多种流量分布,支持任意网络规模的片上网络的性能评估平台框架结构,在该框架的基础上分别设计了用于评估片上网络的网络特性性能和事务特性性能的两种可配置的性能评估平台。文章的最后,结合课题组设计的片上网络,使用本性能评估平台分别从网络特性和事务特性两个方面对其性能进行测试,得到性能曲线,并对其进行性能分析,完成对性能评估平台的验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Network on Chip (NoC) is a new proposed solution to deal with global communication problem of complex System on Chip (SoC). Due to its wide research area and issues, NoC is facing with the huge design challenge. The research issues mainly include the problems about System Modeling, Communication Model Abstraction, Network Topology, Protocol, Arbitration, Performance analysis, layout and mapping of IP module in network, On-chip Network design automation, and the test and verification of the NoC system, etc. In an application specific NoC design, from the choosing the topology forms, confirming communication protocol, to designing of the basic component of NoC, the designers have to do a lot of choice and tradeoff for every step in the whole course of design. Due to the huge design space of the NoC, different design considerations will cause the distinct results. A sound evaluation method is needed to evaluate that whether the NoC design could fill the need of the specific system application. Therefore how to evaluate the performance of the NoC design become very significant.Based on the analysis of related research work in and out of country and through the analysis of the characteristic of NoC and borrow the idea from the traditional network, interconnection network, and bus based transaction processing, this paper, at first, describes the definition of the NoC performance metrics, and proposed both the definition and the theoretical formulas for network based and transaction based metrics respectively. These metrics mainly included the average latency, throughput, and link utilization and so on.Then based on the analysis of the traffic attribute of the basic traditional network and the application specific NoC, through the abstracting of the temporal and the spatial traffic attributes, we build a two dimensional temporal-spatial traffic model, construct a NoC traffic generator model which satisfies the Poisson and Self-similar distributions in temporal traffic distribution and satisfies Evenly distribution and locality degrade probability distribution in spatial distribution. Accordingly, the traffic generator model which supports four different traffic distributions was got.Using the hierarchical progressive abstraction modeling method, and combined with traffic attribute of NoC, this paper proposed a scalable performance evaluation platform frame for NoC which supports multi traffic distributions and the random network scale. Based on this frame, we design two configurable performance evaluation platforms which are used for network based performance evaluation and transaction based performance evaluation in NoC respectively.In the end, these performance evaluation platforms test the performance of a specific NoC instance which is also designed by our research group from the aspects of network based and transaction based. On the one hand, we use the performance curves to analyze the performance of this NoC design, on the other hand, we verify the effectiveness and correctness of this platform.更多还原