【作者】 陈燕；

【导师】 吴世雄；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文基于北大现代汉语语料库,运用Lakoff和Johnson提出的概念隐喻理论和Goossens的隐喻换喻学说,对现代汉语中的“口、嘴”类词进行认知分析。本研究采用语料库研究方法以弥补Lakoff等在研究方法上的不足,通过对所收集的语料进行分析,探究身体经验在“口、嘴”类词语义扩展过程中所起的作用以及隐喻、换喻这两种重要认知机制如何在此扩展过程中起作用。此外,本文也是从汉语角度检验概念隐喻理论解释力的一个尝试。语料分析结果表明,“口、嘴”类词语义扩展过程大体上是基于口这一人体器官的生理特征:口有一定的形状,具有饮食、发声、说话的功能。“口、嘴”类词语义扩展过程还受其他因素的影响。隐喻、换喻则是促使语义扩展的两个及其重要的认知机制。从语料分布来看,包含换喻的“口、嘴”类词占整个语料60%以上,这也验证了一些学者的看法:换喻对语言而言更为基本。语料分析结果还表明,隐喻与换喻之间的区别并未如概念隐喻理论所描绘得那么简单。从语料中我们可以看出隐喻和换喻之间的界限有一定的模糊性,而且相互影响。总之,这项研究证实了概念隐喻理论对汉语语料的解释力,同时也表明了语料库作为一种新的研究方法对概念隐喻的研究发展有极大的促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the early 1970s, the human body has been attached special importance in various fields such as anthropology, philosophy, sociology and psychology, etc. In the field of linguistics, body-part terms have captured a considerable attention for they are believed to provide a convenient way to look into the cognitive system of human beings. This corpus-based study, conducted within the framework of conceptual metaphor theory (henceforth, CMT) in cognitive linguistics, is an analysis of the non-literal senses of expressions containing the body-part terms for the mouth in modern Chinese. Attempting to make a contribution to conceptual metaphor theory from Chinese perspective, this study aims to investigate how these expressions derive their non-literal senses on the basis of metonymy and metaphor, the two important cognitive mechanisms. Moreover, this study also aims to investigate the role of the mouth in the figurative extensions of these expressions. In order to achieve these, these expressions are discussed according to the motivations underlying them, that is, metaphor, metonymy, and the cases of the interaction between them, proposed by Goossens. This study has produced remarkable findings. In the first place, this study shows that most of the figurative extensions are based on some biological facts about the mouth: it is the opening with certain shapes, into which we put things like food, water, air, and out of which emerges such things as communicative sounds, food, water wastes, air, etc. Secondly, this study demonstrates that a majority of these expressions are metonymically grounded, suggesting that metonymy is more basic to language than metaphor. Thirdly, this study shows that a large number of these expressions are generated by a blend of metaphor and metonymy, indicating that metonymy and metaphor may interact in a fairly intricate way when it comes to language in use. Finally, this case study shows the explanatory value of conceputal metaphor theory for the Chinese language and a corpus-based approach can greatly contribute to that theory.更多还原