【作者】 郭永强；

【导师】 方康玲；

【作者基本信息】 武汉科技大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 耦合是过程控制系统中普遍存在的一种现象,它会降低控制系统的调节品质,甚至会导致系统瘫痪。因此研究解耦问题,无论在控制理论还是工程实践中,都具有十分重要的意义。目前,解耦方法主要通过软件实现。然而该种方法由于指令串行执行,存在滞后性,无法满足对速度要求较高的被控对象。而采用硬件解耦便可以实时地控制被控对象。硬件解耦的方式很多,其中采用FPGA进行解耦是一种理想的方法。FPGA是一种大规模的可编程逻辑器件。它采用EDA技术,以硬件描述语言作为系统的逻辑描述表达方式,具有开发周期短、速度快、可在线升级、适合于分工设计,团体协作等特点。基于偏差的模糊前馈解耦算法是一种实用算法。该算法一方面采用模糊控制,不需要对被控对象建立精确的数学模型,适用于具有非线性,时变和耦合等特征的控制对象。另一方面它是基于偏差的,相对于基于输出等形式的解耦算法来说,其反映速度快。本文在分析了大量常见耦合现象的基础上,设计了一种基于FPGA的模糊前馈解耦控制器。以FPGA作为载体,控制器具有体积小,功耗低,可靠性高等特点;采用软件思想硬件化的设计方法,控制器提高了其响应速度。在仿真与具体实验过程中,本文采用了不同的被控对象予以研究。实验结果表明:该控制器的解耦效果明显,为解耦技术的应用提供了一条可行的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coupling is a common phenomenon in process control system, which will decrease the performance of control systems. And what’s worse, if the coupling is serious, the system can not work. Therefore, it is significant to research decoupling in the fields of control theory and project practice.Nowadays, decoupling is always implemented by software. However, this method can’t satisfy the controlled plant for high speed because of bad real-time effect. Conversely, adopting the hardware decoupling could control the objects timely. There are many ways to realize decoupling by hardware, FPGA is an ideal method. FPGA is a kind of field programmable logical component, which adopts the EDA technology and uses hardware describing language as an expression of logic. It has many traits, such as shorter developing periods, higher speed, upgradeable online, and is suitable for teamwork.A kind of fuzzy feed-forward decoupling algorithm based on error is applied in this paper. On one hand, with adopting fuzzy control, the algorithm does not rely on a mathematic model, and is able close to non-linearity. On the other hand, the speed of algorithm based on error is faster than the decoupling arithmetic based on output.Based on the analyses of a lot of coupling phenomenons, a kind of fuzzy feed-forward decoupling controller based on FPGA is designed in this paper. As a carrier with FPGA, the controller has small size, low consumption, high reliability and so on. With adopting the method of converting software idea to hardware circuit, the controller could improve the response speed. This paper chooses different plants as researching objects in the course of simulation and practice. According to the experimental results, the decoupling effect of the controller is obvious, which provides a feasible way for the application of the decoupling technology.更多还原