两宋时期淀山湖地区的水利与社会

【作者】 陈艳；

【导师】 黄纯艳；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 专门史， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文旨在考察两宋时期淀山湖及其附近地区的水利兴修、围田开发、农业发展等情况,以及水利开发给社会关系带来的变动和影响。通过这些研究使我们能够从一个侧面来了解宋代淀山湖地区的社会发展情况,冀以揭示历史上中观地域范围内自然环境与人类社会之间的有机联系。文章主要内容如下:一、考察两宋时期淀山湖地区的环境背景及各种类型水利开发治理的情况。主要通过方志资料来统计、分析该地区水利工程的基本情况,水灾年份与水利治理的联系,中央政府与水利开发的关系等。针对宋代淀山湖地区较为严重的围田问题,从政府与民间互动的角度探讨了宋代政府对围田问题所采取的措施。二、从水利建设中资金、劳动力的来源和水利设施的日常维护等方面,考察宋代淀山湖地区水利建设的社会因素。水利建设资金分为政府资金和民间资金两种。劳动力来源主要有三个方面:即调用士兵、征调民夫及雇募农夫。在水利设施的维护上,不仅制定各种水利法则法规,还设置专门官员和机构维护日常水利设施。另外,在淀山湖地区还建立了水则石碑等水利预警设施。这些都显示了宋代该地区水利事业的成熟化及完善化。三、主要从自然、社会环境两方面来解释宋代淀山湖地区水利开发与区域社会发展之间的关系。一方面从生态环境上探讨水利与当地自然环境的互动关系;另一方面从社会环境的角度出发,揭示出宋代淀山湖地区大规模的水利建设不仅改变了当地土地经营的方式,更进一步的改变了当地的社会关系,使得该地区在宋代及宋以后成为商品经济最为发达的地区之一。总之,本文以两宋时期淀山湖地区的水利建设为中心,从自然与社会的综合视角,来探讨当地水利和社会发展的互动关系,也为当今淀山湖开发治理提供借鉴与依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper is investigating the water conservancy,farmland development and agriculture development in Dianshan Lake and nearby regions during the Song Dynasty, as well as the change and the influence of social relations which the water conservancy brings. Enables us through these researches from a side to understand the social development situation of Dianshan Lake area in the Song Dynasty,and to uncover the relation between the natural environment and human society on mesoscale region in the history. The main content is as follows:1、We investigate the environment background and various type water conservancy development of Dianshan Lake area in the Song Dynasty.We count, analyze the situation of this area hydraulic engineering through the local chorography, the flood year and the water conservancy relations, Central authorities and water conservancy development relations and so on.We discuss the measure which the Song government solved the farmland problem from the point of view of the government and the folk interaction.2、We investigate the social factor of the Dianshan Lake area water conservancy in the Song Dynasty from the capital,labor source and routine maintenance of water facilities and so on. These had demonstrated the water conservation of this area become consummation in the Song Dynasty.3、From social-ecological environment and nature-ecological environment,we investigate the relations of the water conservancy and the region social development.In one side, we discuss the water conservation and the local natural environment interactive relations from the ecological environment.In the other side, we investigate the large-scale water construction not only change the local land management way, but also change locality social relations, made this area become one of the most developed regions after Song Dynasty.In brief, this paper is in the centre of the water conservancy of Dianshan Lake area in the Song Dynasty,to discuss the relations of the water conservancy and the region social development from the point of view of nature and society.Not only provide lessons to academy and to the development of Dianshan Lake in modern times.更多还原