【作者】 李琲；

【导师】 张立中；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 灌溉对确保河套灌区农业生产国民经济的发展的重要性日益凸现。但随着市场经济的发展,传统的灌区管理与运行体制已不能适应水利事业和农村经济发展的要求,迫切需要一种最有效的管理方式。为此,河套灌区自1999年以来推行“用水户参与灌溉管理”(Participatory on Irrigation Management)的农业灌溉模式,即让农业用水户参与到灌区的管水及渠系的维护与管理中来,成为灌溉管理的真正主人,而用水者协会是参与式灌溉管理的最主要的形式。本文在国际参与式管理形成和发展的背景下,借鉴国外发达与发展中国家参与式灌溉管理的成功经验,通过对河套灌区不同改制模式运行机制和节水效益的定量和定性研究,利用针对面板数据的自然试验评估方法Difference-In-Difference方法分析用水者协会的究竟在多大程度上对农户的生产和收入产生影响。得出用水者协会已经初步显现了其在节约水资源、提高利用效率、提高弱势群体取水获得性等方面的优势,而且通过民主参与管理,已经对参与者形成了有效的激励机制。更重要的是,灌区改革在节水的同时,没有对农业生产的稳定和农民收入的提高等方面产生大的负面效应,而且显现出了其他管理方式所没有的优势,因而在河套灌区继续推进和深化农民用水者协会的推广具有很大的潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Irrigation plays a key role in Hetao Irrigation Districts’s agricultural development; however, traditional irrigation management system could not meet the requirement of irrigation development. Participatory on Irrigation Management (PIM), is a kind of alternative irrigation pattern introduced from foreign countries in the 1999.PIM can connect with market system to realize the benign circulation of water user self-management and economic independence of the irrigation districts. In general water user associations (WUAs) is the most important form of PIMPer such situation, this paper was proposed to make in-depth analyses on WUAs’ impacts on agricultural development as well as the economic independence mechanism of WUAs in order to make policy suggestions for future irrigation reform. This paper tried to utilize a new approach of Difference-In-Difference to test the differential impacts on agricultural production and farmer income because of WUAs.It was concluded from a new point of view that WUAs could be a direction and a choice as an alternative way of irrigation management reform. It was found that WUAs have advantages in saving water resources, improving water use efficiency, helping disadvantaged groups such as women and elderly people to get the water for irrigation use and so on. Also WUAs can play an effective role in promoting farmer participation in irrigation management, even though this needs further research and observations in the future. WUAs possesses huge potential to get developed and to be scaled up in Hetao Irrigation Districts更多还原