转镜式高速相机同步联动控制台设计

【作者】 凌云；

【导师】 叶玉堂；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 光学工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 转镜式高速相机有纳秒级的时间分辨能力、良好的空间分辨率、与被摄目标可以准确同步、使用可靠等优点。因此它在高速摄影仪器中占据重要的地位,被广泛应用于爆炸力学和高压物理、实验室等离子体、火花放电以及新型激光光源和激光光谱学的研究。转镜式高速相机控制系统是转镜式高速相机的重要组成部分,它对相机的可靠性起着至关重要的作用,对相机的测试精度及整体性能均有重大影响。考虑到控制系统对转镜式高速相机的影响,在转镜式高速相机同步联动控制台中加入CAN总线、高性能器件、虚拟仪器界面、高精度同步等新技术,使整个控制系统的稳定性和可靠性都得到了提高,转镜式高速相机本身的像漂移也得到了抑制,小于转镜周期的0.1%。本文工作围绕如何完成同步联动控制台整体设计展开,从控制台的总体方案设计,硬件设计和软件设计进行介绍,主要工作内容和创新点如下:1.根据转镜式高速相机的工作原理和控制系统的功能,设计出同步联动控制台的总体方案;控制台由人机交互模块和测控模块组成。人机交互模块为工控机,用LabVIEW编写虚拟仪器界面。测控模块则由主控单元、传感器单元、高压脉冲发生单元、电机驱动单元和透平驱动单元等七个单元组成,它可控制一台GSJ电动相机和一台SJZ/FJZ气动相机的联动同步拍摄,也可用于控制单台GSJ电动相机或单台SJZ/FJZ气动相机的拍摄。2.在总体方案下,设计出控制台的硬件部分;根据总体方案,设计了测控模块具体电路,并对关键部分进行介绍。首次采用CAN作为系统中的现场总线,使控制系统各个单元相对独立,简化了系统布线,并提高了系统抗干扰能力。3.根据控制台的功能,设计出人机交互界面;用LabVIEW编写出的控制台人机交互界面,直观、简单易懂,为系统操作提供了方便,并为硬件部分的软件编写和调试奠定基础。4.在硬件设计和人机交互界面的基础上,进行软件设计;通过对人机交互界面和CAN总线通信协议的确定,以及各单元单片机需要完成的任务和功能介绍,完成软件的总体设计、流程图的绘制和具体程序的编写。5.进行硬件和软件调试以及实验分析。在完成硬件和软件设计以后,首先进行各单元调试,再进行联机调试,最后进行试验并做分析。实验结果显示,在常用拍摄转速下,火花像在底片上的漂移小于1 mm,并且系统运行稳定可靠。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rotating mirror high speed camera plays an important role in the high speed photography instruments, due to its advantages such as the nanosecond level time resolution, high spatial resolution, accurate synchronization and high reliability. Thus it is widely applied in explosion mechanics, high-pressured physics, the laboratory plasma, the spark discharge, the new type of laser source and spectroscopy. As an important part in the rotating mirror high speed camera, the control system has crucial influence on the reliability, precision, and finally, the overall performance of the high speed cameraFor the importance of control system, high performance devices and some novel technologies, such as CAN BUS, virtual instrument panel, and high-accuracy synchronization have been used in the camera’s synchronous console, and as a result, the whole system’s stability and reliability have been improved significantly. What’s more, the image excursion of the camera itself is less than 0.1% of the rotating mirror’s cycle.The overall design of the synchronous console is detailed and wide-ranged described in this dissertation, including the overall scheme of the console and the design of hardware and software. The main work and creative ideas is as follow:1. The schematic configuration of the synchronous console has been designed according to the camera’s working principle and the function of the control system.The console is composed of Human-Computer Interaction Module and Measuring and Controlling Module. Actually the former is the industrial computer and LabVIEW is used to compile the panel of Virtual Instrument. The later is composed of seven units, the main control unit, the sensor unit, the high voltage pulse generating unit, the motor driving unit and the turbine driving unit etc. It can be used in the control of the linkage synchronization shooting between a GSJ electrical camera and a SJZ/FJZ pneumatic camera, or respectively.2. The hardware part has been designed under the schematic configuration.The principle circuits of the Measuring and Controlling Module in the console have been designed, and the details of the key parts are introduced. The Controller Area Network (CAN) is adopted as the field bus to make each unit of the controller system independent. The system wiring is simplified and the anti-interference ability is improved.3. According to the function of the console, the panel of Human-Computer Interaction Module has been designed.The panel of Human-Computer Interaction Module compiled with LabVIEW is intuitive and easy to operate, and the foundation for writing and debugging the hardware part is laid at the meanwhile.4. The software part has been designed according to the overall scheme and the hardware design.According to the determining of the panel of Human-Computer Interaction Module and the CAN BUS communication protocol and the function and mission of each single chip computer, all the software work, including block diagram, flow chart, and concrete program, has been completed successfully.5 .The last steps is Debugging Hardware and software and Experimental analysis.When the fabrication of hardware and the design of software have been finished, next step is debugging each individual unit and then the whole system has to be debugged. The last work is experiment and analyzing the result. Experimental results show that, under the commonly used shooting rotational speed, the spark’s image excursion on the films is smaller than 1mm. Moreover, the system seems stable and reliable.更多还原