【作者】 于静；

【导师】 韩立民；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2007， 硕士

【副题名】以青岛市出口企业为例

【摘要】 进入新世纪,我国正处在由贸易大国向贸易强国历史转变的过程中。然而,与举世瞩目的成就相对应,日益严峻的贸易环境和贸易摩擦正在困扰着我国外经贸发展。按照世贸组织的统计,1995-2005年,中国始终是全球遥遥领先的反倾销头号目标国,共计遭受反倾销405起。另外,据中国商务部统计,1979年至2006年9月,已有37个国家或地区发起了815起针对我国出口产品的反倾销、反补贴、保障措施及特保调查,共计涉及商品4000多种,影响了我国200多亿美元的出口贸易。国际经贸摩擦已经关系到我国千百万国民的切身利益。以2005年纺织品贸易争端为例,我国在纺织服装行业直接人员近2000万人,如果加上间接就业、从业人员家属,利益相关者当在数千万人以上。因此,如何妥善应对贸易争端,不仅涉及企业、国家经济利益,而且对我国经济、社会的稳定发展具有重要的意义。采取措施妥善处理贸易争端,是现阶段影响我国国际贸易及国民经济发展的一个重大课题。本文主要研究青岛市出口企业贸易摩擦。青岛市是我国第二大外贸口岸,2006年外贸吞吐量1.68亿吨。凭借发达的海、陆、空集输运条件,青岛港在我国对外贸易发展中占有重要的地位。2006年,青岛市外贸进出口总值达到了365.57亿美元。其中,出口216.55亿美元,进口149.11亿美元。目前,与我市有贸易往来的国家和地区也已经达到了200多个。由于出口企业的无序竞争、发达国家的贸易壁垒(技术、绿色贸易壁垒)以及国际政治等原因,中国遭受贸易摩擦数量逐渐增多。作为我国重要的外贸生产出口基地,青岛市受贸易摩擦影响也呈上升的趋势。近年来,鉴于美国、欧盟这样主要贸易伙伴贸易摩擦的高发性,青岛市出口企业所受到的影响以及冲击都是巨大的。针对上述状况,为了减少贸易摩擦对青岛市对外经贸发展的影响,降低贸易摩擦对青岛市出口企业的冲击,本文在进行了详细的实地调研,走访了海尔、海信、益佳、即发等青岛市主要出口企业的基础上,对出口企业贸易摩擦的现状做了全面的了解,结合国际经贸的相关理论,进行了系统的实证分析,找出了出口企业贸易摩擦产生的深层次原因,并结合青岛市外贸环境和出口企业自身的特点与条件,建立了青岛市相关部门应对贸易摩擦的“四体联动”机制,为政府、行业协会、企业分别提出了具有较强可操作性的应对策略。希望通过政府、企业、行业协会等相关部门共同的努力,增强青岛市应对和处理贸易摩擦的能力,最大限度的避免和降低摩擦损失,实现青岛市对外贸易稳定、快速发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Entering into the new century, our country is in the changing process from big country to powerful country by international trade. However, contrast to the impressive progress, our country is threatened by worse trade environment and friction. According to the calculation of WTO, China is the first target country of anti-dumping in the world for a long time, with 405 cases. In addition, according to the calculation of Chinese Department of Commerce, from 1995 till 2006, there are 37 countries or areas which have exerted 815 cases of anti-dumping, countervailing, safeguards and special safeguards against Chinese expert products, involving more than 4000 kinds of commodity, affecting the expert trade by 20 billion dollars.The international trade friction has vital interest with millions of Chinese. Take the trade friction of textile in 2005, the direct employees of textile industry in our country is approximately 20million, plus indirect employees and the family numbers, the interest relations have been over scores of millions. Therefore, how to handle the trade friction properly is relative to not only the interest of enterprises and country, but also the stable development of our economy and society. To take proper measures for the trade friction, at present, is a key subject which affects Chinese international trade and national economy.This thesis mainly studies the trade friction of expert enterprises in Qingdao. Qingdao is the second biggest trade ports of China, with foreign throughput of 168 million in 2006. Based on advanced transportation condition of sea, land and air, Qingdao port has vital status of Chinese foreign trade development. In 2006, the total value of import and export in Qingdao has reached 36 557 million dollars, of which export 21 655 million dollars and import 14 911 million dollars. At present, there are more than 200 countries and regions having trade contacts with our city.Since the out-of-order competitions, the trade barriers of developed countries (including technological and green barriers) and international politics, China is suffering more and more trade frictions. As an important productive base, Qingdao is in the same situation. In recent years, Qingdao has undergone tremendous effect and impact because of the trade friction from America and EU, which are our main trade comrades.Aiming at the aforesaid situation, in order to reduce the effect of trade friction against Qingdao and relax the impact, I have exerted detailed investigation on the spot, visited main export enterprises such as Haier and Hisense. I am acquainted with the current situation of trade friction, combining the relative theory of international trade, taking demonstration analysis, and finding out the deep-seated course of trade friction in export enterprises. In this thesis, I take the self characteristic and condition of trade environment and export enterprises in Qingdao into consideration, form the“four-part dynamic combination system”of relative municipal department against trade friction, and bring forward feasible measures for government, guild and enterprises.With the cooperation and effort of government, guild and enterprises, I hope the capability of handling trade friction be enhanced, avoiding and reducing the friction loss at furthest degree, and the foreign trade of Qingdao be developed steadily and fleetly.更多还原