【作者】 叶康；

【导师】 许虎君； 彭奇均；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 应用化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文对酯基Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂,化学结构为:Ⅱ-m-s ([Cm-1H2m+1 COOCH₂CH₂N（CH₃）₂-（CH₂）s–N（CH₃）₂CH₂CH₂OOCCm-¹H_2m+1]²⁺, 2Br^- , m=10,12,14,16,s=3,4,6)分别从表化性质、复配、胶团聚集数及流变性等方面展开了较为系统的研究。利用滴体积法测定酯基Gemini表面活性剂Ⅱ-m-s（ m=12,s=3,4,6）的表面张力,结果发现:随温度增大临界胶团浓度（cmc）略有增加,最低表面张力（γcmc）随之减小;随联接基长度s=3,4,6依次变化,γcmc依次增加,而临界胶束浓度（cmc）先是增加,当s>4后,cmc反而减小。通过对Ⅱ-m-s溶液的胶团化热力学函数的计算,得出该体系的胶团形成过程主要是熵驱动过程。分别对不同配比的Ⅱ-m-s（m=10,12,s=3,4,6）与十二烷基磺酸钠（SDS）、十二烷基七聚氧乙烯醚乙酸钠（AE7C-Na）复配体系、无机盐NaX（X=F,Cl,Br）进行了研究,运用正规溶液理论计算表面活性剂分子间的相互作用参数β,并且运用判定标准判定了它们的协同效应情况。采用稳态荧光探针法分别测定酯基Gemini表面活性剂Ⅱ-10-3分子在溶液中的胶团化有序聚集状态。结果发现:在一定的浓度范围内,无机盐浓度、Ⅱ-10-3/ AE7C-Na复配比例的变化对胶束聚集数Nm均有一定的影响。Ⅱ-10-3溶液的浓度在10倍cmc值以内,可测得其球形胶团的稳定的Nm。研究了酯基Gemini表面活性剂Ⅱ-m-s（m=10,12,14,16,s=3,4,6）流变性质,结果发现,Ⅱ-10-3、Ⅱ-12-3、Ⅱ-12-4、Ⅱ-12-6、Ⅱ-14-3、Ⅱ-14-4溶液的粘度随浓度增加而增加,Ⅱ-16-6溶液的粘度随浓度的变化关系不大。而且随剪切速率的增加,粘度都呈现下降的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dissertation studied the surface chemical properties, synergism, micelle aggregation number, viscosity of esterquaternary Gemini surfactants II-m-s, the structure such Gemini surfactants were COOCH₂CH₂N（CH₃）₂-（CH₂）s–N（CH₃）₂CH₂CH₂OOCCm-¹H_2m+1]²⁺, 2Br^-, m=10, 12, 14, 16, s=3, 4, 6).Under different temperatures, the surface tensions of Gemini surfactants were determined by dripping volumn method. It was found that the minimum surface tension （γcmc） declines while temperature increased. And when the space changed from 3,to 4,6, minimum surface tension （γcmc） increased, critical micelle concentration （cmc） first increased, but when S>4, cmc decreased. The thermodynamic data showed that the micellization processes for the studied surfactants were driven by entropy.The interactions in the mixed complex have been investigated separately. The cmc value of the mixture was used to computeβm, the interaction parameter in the micelle andβσ, the interaction parameter at the monolayer air–water interface. The value ofβshow there are synergism between complexes. Moreover, criterions about judging if there had synergism between surfactants have been used.The micellar properties for the concentration near above the cmc have been characterized by the aggregation number, Nagg using a steady state fluorescence quenching method.The micropolarities of mixed systems were determined from the ration of intensity of peaks （I1/I3） of the pyrene fluorescence emission spectrum.The viscosity of Gemini surfactants was studied too. The results showed that when concentration increased, the viscosity of the solution exceptⅡ-16-6 also increased. But when the shear rate increased, the viscosity showed the trend of decrease.更多还原