【作者】 李秀花；

【导师】 师庆东； 潘晓玲；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 环境科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 地表植被通过碳循环在全球变化中扮演着重要的角色,气候变化也影响着植被的生长和光合作用,植被指数的变化能够揭示环境的演化,长期定量的植被分布和变化分析能够找出环境变化的原因。本文以1981-2001年NOAA/AVHRR数据和同期的气象数据(温度、降雨、湿度)为基础,借助于3S技术和数理统计等方法,利用相关分析和趋势面回归方法分析了1981-2001年西北干旱区年际最大NDVI变化及其对气候变化的响应关系。结论如下:①距平分析表明:1981-2001年的21年中,西北干旱区的整体年际最大NDVI处于距平增大趋势,其在1981-1991年,为负距平,而在1991-2001年为正距平。以新疆南疆的距平增幅最大(6.42%),其次是北疆,甘肃内蒙的变化趋势不明显,青海则减小;②同期,研究区整体的年累积降水量、年均温和年均相对湿度距平都增加,且增幅依次减小。1991-2001年的增幅明显大于1981-1991年的增幅,甘肃内蒙“增温”较明显,新疆的南疆“增湿”明显,21年来研究区整体处于缓慢“增温增湿”的过程当中;③1981-2001年间西北干旱区整体年际最大NDVI的变化与气候变化具有明显的相关性,尤其是对新疆和青海两个省区来说,NDVI的变化受到降水和湿度的影响比较明显,新疆的南疆、北疆、青海和研究区整体的年际最大NDVI都与年累积降水量和年均相对湿度成正相关而与年均温度成负相关,甘肃内蒙的年际最大NDVI基本没有变化,同时该地区也是降水量变化最小的地区。最后指出水资源是西北干旱区植被生长和生态建设的最重要控制因子,只有充分、合理利用水资源才能实现西北干旱区的可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vegetation is very important by carbon-cycle on global land. And climat–change affects the growth and photosynthesis of vegetation. The change of vegetal index can reveal the evolvement of environment.Long-term quantitative analysis of vegetal distribution and change will tell us the reason of environment change. This paper discusses and analyses the change of vegetal cover and its response to climate-change by means of“3S”technique and statistics based on ecology and environment science .Here is the conclusions:First. The annual max NDVI increases in northwest arid area from 1981 to 2001. But it decreases from 1981 to 1991, and increases from 1992 to 2001, especially in the north of Xinjiang. Its change is not very evident in Gansu and Neimeng, and decreases in Qinghai.Second. The meteorological factors all increase from 1981 to 2001, and the increase is evident from 1991 to 2001 than from 1981 to 1991.South Xinjiang is more and more humid, and Gansu Neimeng becomes warming. Last. The change of annual max NDVI is affected by climate in northwest arid area especially in Xinjiang and Qinghai. And NDDVI is positively correlative with precipitation and humidity, but negatively correlate with temperature in northwest arid area except Gansu and Neimeng. Water resource is the most important factor to vegetation growth and ecology construction. We must make good use of water resource in order to achieve the sustainable development of northwest arid area.更多还原