【作者】 丁媛媛；

【导师】 闾国年；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 城市环境噪声污染是城市四大环境公害之一,是21世纪环境污染控制和人们关注的主要问题之一。随着生产发展和城市化进程的加快,当人们享受着交通运输、生产生活等各个方面带来的便利的同时,也引起了一系列的环境问题,日益严重的环境噪声影响问题就是其中之一。噪声水平是城市居住环境的一个重要条件,人们对生活环境的高质量要求与日益突出的噪声问题是相矛盾的。对环境噪声影响进行预测和模拟,从区域的整体出发,进行环境噪声污染综合预防和治理,保障人们有一个良好的生活、工作、学习环境是当前一个重要课题。本文对点源噪声的三维空间扩散进行研究,首先对国内外现行的多种噪声预测标准及主要预测模型进行对比分析,并就点源噪声预测模型的建立和应用进行深入分析。其次分析稳态点源噪声的传播特性,通过对点源噪声的传播方式研究,构建点源噪声空间扩散模型。最后选定试验区域,搜集试验区域相关数据,利用模型计算噪声预测值,并结合实测数据进行对比分析及验证,通过利用GIS空间数据可视化方法,对实验区噪声的三维空间分布特征进行可视化表达。本文的主要研究成果体现在以下方面:(1)通过分析点源噪声空间传播特性及多个噪声预测模型研究比较,构建了小区内单体建筑外围特征点噪声值的计算模型。(2)通过对实验区的实例研究,得出了某一稳态点声源发出的噪声在住宅楼各楼层特征点接受的噪声值的分布规律,并就预测结果进行了分析,验证。(3)利用GIS空间数据表达方法,可视化表达了建筑物各测点分布情况,并提出了治理和预防的措施和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urban environment noise pollution is one of the four major environmental hazards as well as a main matter of concern on environmental pollution control in 21st Century. With the acceleration of the production development and urbanization, people enjoy the convenience in many aspects such as transportation,production,daily life, while these have been begetting a series environmental problem, one of which is the increasingly serious noise pollution.Noise levels is a very important factor in measuring urban living environment, whereas it’s incompatible between the demand of high quality of the living environment and the deterioration of the noise pollution. Consequently, it now becomes a very important task to simulate and forecast the environmental noise pollution, carry out comprehensive pollution prevention and control, and guarantee people a good environment for living, working and studying.This thesis studies on the spatial diffusion of point source noise.First of all,comparison and analysis on the existing models at home and abroad are studied,and the in-depth analysis on the modeling and the application of point source noise forecast are done.This is followed by the analysis of the characteristics of spread of steady-state point source noise,and then the modeling.Finally, with the visualization method of GIS spatial data, this paper visualizes in three-dimension space the distributing characteristic of noise points in the control region, whose relative data have been collected to predict noise level by model calculation and by comparative analysis and validation of predictive value according to the real data.The main results of the thesis are as follows:(1) By analyzing the point source noise and it’s characteristics of spread, the model to calculate the noise value of feature point around single building in the residence zone has been constructed.(2) Through the study of the experimental area, the distribution law of predictive value under the effect of the point source noise has been gotten, and it analysis and validates the prediction made by this law.(3) The methods of GIS spatial data visualization are used to visualizes the situation of noise diffusion,and then the thesis has made some treatment and prevention measures and proposals.更多还原