【作者】 刘怡；

【导师】 张文华；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 人对生命的认识是生命教育的一个永恒的主题,然而当前有很多学生并未真正认识生命的本质和意义,其中高中学生也占了很大一部分。在教育体制内开展的生命教育是旨在帮助学生认识生命、珍惜生命、敬畏生命、欣赏生命,提高生存技能,提升生命质量的一种教育活动。生命观的培养是生命教育中的一个重要内容,偏向于生死教育取向和生理健康取向的生命教育。所谓生命观,是指人对生命的看法和理解。本研究旨在高中生命教育中深化学生生命观的培养,从生命科学与心理学的角度探究提高高中学生生命观的策略与方法,促进学生对生死意义的理解及对青春期知识的正确认识,培养学生的生命意识,提高学生的生存技能,培养学生处理问题的能力,服务社会的能力,与人交往的能力,应对挫折的能力。本论文采用文献法、访谈法、问卷调查法和行动研究法,阐述了生命教育的理论体系和国内外研究的现状,调查了上海市高中生命教育发展的现状,并根据上海市格致中学的调查结果,分析格致中学学生的特点和需求,结合学校校本课程的基础制定实践研究方案,进行了深入的实践研究,并设计问卷,通过实验组和对照组的比较进行评价,对反馈的结果进行反思,从而探讨在高中生命教育中深化学生生命观培养的方法和路线。调查研究从学生感兴趣的生命教育的开展形式和内容、青春期与异性交往中一些两性关系的问题的认识、对生殖健康方面知识的认知情况、处理人际关系和应对挫折的能力、对生死学方面知识的认识、对待生活的态度和生活的满意度等方面进行了调查,并进行了相关的分析。结果表明,高中生对于生死学方面的认识存在一些误区,很多学生对于死亡抱有恐惧感,且存在一种复活的想法。此外,高中生对自身的性别认同度不是很高,对于青春期两性关系的认识和自我保护的意识,生存技能和应急应变的能力也有待提高。针对这一现象,以上海市格致中学为基地展开了实践研究,在现有的生命教育校本课程的基础上,继续开发与完善校本课程的教材与活动资源,着重添加死亡教育、青春期教育、生存技能等方面的内容,并通过问卷调查对实验组和对照组的数据进行比较。研究结果表明,实验组和对照组之间在生命态度价值观得分存在显著差异(P＜0.05),生命教育的相关知识掌握情况得分存在极其显著差异(P＜0.01),反映了实践研究的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Understanding of human life is an eternal subject in life education. However, many students haven’t recognized the nature and significance of life, including a lot of high school students. The life education in the educational system is a kind of education activities designed to help students understand life, cherish life, appreciate life, enjoy life, improve the life skills and enhance the quality of life.Training of students’ view of life is an important element in life education, biased in life and death education orientation and physical health-oriented life education. View of life, refers to people’s views and understanding of life. This study was designed to deepen the training of students’ view of life in high school life education, investigate the strategies and methods of improving students’ view of life from the perspective of life sciences and psychology, promote students to understand the meaning of life and death and the knowledge of adolescents, culture the students’ awareness of life, improve their survival skills, train the students’ ability of dealing with problems, serving the community, contacting with others, dealing with setbacks.This paper summarized the theoretical systems of life education and researched the status of life education at home and abroad with document method. Then, it surveyed the status of life education development of high schools in Shanghai and carried out the practice research according to the survey results and actual situation of Shanghai Gezhi Middle School. Further more, comparisons and feedbacks have been made through the experimental and control groups in order to discuss the feasible methods and routes in the training of students’ view of life in high school life education.The survey involved in the form and content of life education, the understanding of adolescent and reproductive health, interpersonal skills and ability to deal with setbacks, understanding of life and death, attitude to life and so on. The results show that many high school students have the fear of death and haven’t aware of life and death correctly. Besides, high school students’ own gender identities are not very high. Their awareness of adolescent, self-protection, survival skills and the ability of emergency contingency is needed to be improved.In response to this phenomenon, practices researches have been practiced in Shanghai Gezhi middle school. School-based curriculum materials and activities resources have been continued to develop based on their existing school-based curriculum focus on adding the content of death education, adolescent education, life skills and so on. The results of comparisons and feedbacks between experimental and control groups shows that there are significant differences in the scores of attitude of values in life between experimental group and control groups (P<0.05),and the differences of the scores of life education-related knowledge are extremely significant between experimental group and control groups (P < 0.01).So, it is proofed that this practice research is effective.更多还原