【作者】 赵春光；

【导师】 刘果厚； 闫德仁；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 水土保持与荒漠化防治， 2008， 硕士

【副题名】以四子王旗人工造林为例

【摘要】 林下植被是人工林生态系统的重要组成部分,在促进人工林养分循环和维护林地土壤质量中起着不可忽视的作用,它的存在对维护整个系统的物种多样性是十分重要的。随着人工林研究的深入,人工林土壤质量变化及林下植被多样性变化也日益受到重视,成为林业、土壤和生态科技工作者关注的问题。本文对乌兰察布市四子王旗查干补力格苏木内33年林龄的人工林林地及周边物种多样性和土壤特性进行了研究。结果表明,适宜的人工林对附近的草本植物有保护作用,且越靠近人工林,草本物种增加越明显,对林地内部和周边植物多样性没有不良影响;在不同的造林密度下,林地内部草本植物的物种多样性并没有显著差异,但林下草本植物的地上生物量,随密度的不同有很大差异,即低密度下的草本生物量显著高于高密度下的草本生物量;草牧场防护林对改善林地土壤的物理性质具有明显的作用,且林地土壤物理特性明显好于非林地,林地背风侧的效果好于林地迎风侧。但是,从林缘到两侧100m,土壤物理性质有恶化的趋势;人工造林能够明显减少土壤风蚀,在林地内起到一定的积沙作用,但是,并没有明显的改善土壤细物质的含量。林地内土壤速效氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量明显高于林外的草地土壤养分含量。同时,林地的存在也增加了背风侧的养分含量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Undergrowth vegetation is an important part of Plantation Ecosystem, which play an important part in promoting plantation nutrient cycle and maintaining soil quality of forest land, besides, it is of great importance for maintaining species diversity of whole system. With further research on plantation, soil quality and under vegetation species diversity of plantation is more and more attractive, becoming a common concern issue of Forestry, Soil, Eco-technology workers.The paper was studied on species diversity and soil quality of forest land and peripheral areas of 33 years old Ulmus pumila in Wulanchabu Siziwang county. The results showed that: suitable plantation had no blight to species diversity, however, it protected herb plants nearby, the herb species increased obviously around the plantation; under different Afforestation densities, herb species diversity inside the woodland had no significant difference, aboveground biomass were different. Pastureland Shelterbelt improved soil physical properties, soil physical properties of forest land was better than that of non-forest land, Leeward side was better than windward side. But soil physical properties deteriorated gradually with the distance was farther from the edge of woodlands. Artificial afforestation reduced wind erosion and accumulated sand, but could not improved soil fine material content. Soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content of woodland were higher than that of grassland. At the same time, woodland existing increased the nutrient content of Leeward side.更多还原