【作者】 王祖纬；

【导师】 石谦飞；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 建筑技术科学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着我国经济的增长,各地城市化进程的步伐不断加快,城市开放空间也不断涌现。城市开放空间被誉为城市的“起居室”和“橱窗”,为城市带来了活力与色彩,使城市生活更具多样性和丰富性。但城市开放空间在使用中出现了一些不容忽视的问题:人们对其使用后的满意度如何,评价如何,设计师的设计与建成后使用者要求的差距在哪里等。因此,探索城市开放空间如何满足使用者行为需要,成为一个现实而紧迫的任务。本文首先讲述了城市开放空间的定义、特征、功能及空间的组织,并从使用后评价的起源、发展及其研究现状入手,对使用后评价在中国引入的可行性及发展趋势作了阐述。指出POE在研究中存在的问题,详细论述了城市开放空间中使用的评价方法,包括POE的主要范式,具体研究方法和研究步骤。其次,本文的研究是在使用后评价的模式下展开的,建筑使用后评价关注的是建成或使用一段时间后建筑物的性能和服务对业主、用户的满意度。它对建筑物的规划、设计与使用阶段起到了连接作用,为后续类似的设计提供了参考,提高了用户的满意度。本文在综合国内外一些城市开放空间使用状况评价研究成果的基础上,提炼出适用的评价因子和合理的评价过程,加以整理,探索性地构建出针对城市开放空间的使用后评价方法。最后,论文以使用后评价在城市开放空间中的应用为重点,选取有代表性的城市开放空间,对太原市内的两个综合公园进行了使用后评价。运用社会学研究方法,通过现场调查、问卷发放、行为观察、实地拍照及自由访谈等方式收集资料和数据。采用分析、归纳等研究方法,进行深入的探索,在综合使用者评价意见的基础上对城市开放空间进行使用后评价,论证其可行性及评价模式,并为创造使用者满意的城市开放空间环境提出相关优化建议。结合结果分析,文章总结出了影响太原市城市开放空间使用的四大因素:即使用群体、自然环境、规划设计、经营管理。同时,归纳出了太原市城市开放空间中普遍存在的问题,即功能分区不足、设施布置不合理、缺少文化内涵、养护管理不到位、缺乏人性化设计等。针对这些问题,从优化设计与管理角度提出了改进建议,为今后城市开放空间的设计、建设、改造与管理提供了参考。对营造良好而和谐的城市空间环境,提升城市品质,促进城市、社会、文化的发展具有重要意义。本文仅是对城市开放空间使用后评价这一新的研究课题的探索与起步阶段,希望这些基础工作能为此后相关领域的研究提供参考与实际依据,对提高城市开放空间的设计与管理工作的质量有益。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the economic increase of our country, the stepping out of urbanization all over the country, more and more open space emerges. The city open space is named as the "living room" and "cabinet" of the city, which brings energy and color to the city and makes the city life more various as well as abundant. However, there exist some problems that are not neglected, for example, what about the satisfaction and evaluation after being used, the difference between the designation and the requirements and so on. Therefore, It has been a realistic and necessitous task to explore how the city open space can satisfy the user’s actions’ requirements.In this thesis, the author narrates the definition, characteristics, functions and space organization to expatiate the feasibility and development trend of city open space after being used. The author points out the existing problems of POE, discussing the estimating methods in the usage of city open space, including the main example of POE, the study ways and study steps. Secondly, the study in thesis is spread under evaluation after used, which focuses on the owner’s and consumer’s satisfaction of the capability and service of a building after being completed or used for a certain time. It has such function as connecting the building’s layout, designation and usage, also providing some references for the later allied designations so as to enhance the consumers’ satisfactions. This thesis abstracts the suitable evaluation methods as well as reasonable evaluation process under such foundation as colligating some study fruits on the evaluation of city open space home and abroad, forming the evaluation measures of the city open space after being used exploringly.Finally, the author puts the point on the evaluation of city open space after being used, selecting two compositive parks to have the evaluation the city open space after being used. Also using sociology study methods, by means of investigating face to face, questionnaire, behavior-studying, field photos and free talks and so on. By using analyzing, concluding and other methods to explore deeper, also to bring some optimizing suggestions on the satisfactory city open space.Combing the conclusion analysis, the thesis concludes the four complications inflecting the open space usage of Taiyuan City: the use group, environment, the layout designation and managements. Meanwhile, concluding the general problems in the open space of Taiyuan City, which are less functionary subareas, unreasonable facility collocations, lacking of culture connotation, less managements, lacking of humanization designation and so on. Aiming at the above problems, the author brings up ameliorating suggestions from optimizing designations and managements, which providing reference in designation, building up, alteration and managements, which has important meaning in constructing sound and harmonious city space environment, enhancing city quality, accelerating the development of city, society and culture.This thesis is only the underway explore of the new question for discussion, hoping the basic job can provide some good suggestions and references on the correlative fields study.更多还原