【作者】 贾庆森；

【导师】 项继权；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 地方政府学， 2008， 硕士

【副题名】以社会资本为视角的行动研究

【摘要】 新农村建设或农村发展的分歧与混乱之一,就是乡村如何进入与整合。社会资本的视角下,新农村建设应如何整合乡村社区内的农民力量,形成外力启动为契机、社区内源发展的乡村改造活动?这即为本文的核心问题。全文分五章,第一章是导论,第二章是农村发展与社会资本,期望从社会资本角度看待和统合农村发展或新农村建设的分歧,并得出考察乡村社会资本的几个具体方面。第三、四章是关于岳村以及岳村实验的个案考察。第三章分四个时段对岳村社会资本变迁进行历时性描述:1910年—1940年,1949年左右的革命时期,1956—1976年的继续革命时期,以及后集体化时期。在这近百年中,岳村社会资本受到了不断加剧的,或自发或人为的破坏、摧毁,村庄社会资本这种资源在不断流失,在某种程度上说,某些形式的社会资本正处于衰竭中。以培育和再造村庄社会资本为目标之一的“参与式社区综合发展实验”(简称岳村实验)正是在这样的基础上获得了合法性。第四章叙述了岳村实验是如何重建村庄社会资本的,以及社会资本建设的成效、遭遇及其原因。岳村实验旨在启动社区培育、投资、再造社会资本的自身机制,最有代表性的是三个主要项目:社区经济项目养鸡协会通过输入合作理念和合作制度,建设组织信任,锻练农民合作能力,旨在促进农民合作、建设社区信任;公民权利项目农民普法协会通过创建社区多元化的公共参与网络,增强新参与网络中新组织权威的社区影响力,同时培养村民的参与精神和理性协商能力,以期改善社区治理结构,实现村庄善治;社区文化项目图书馆则意在通过开辟社区公的空间来提一升社区意识。从社区参与网络、权威关系模式、社区信任、互惠为基础的社区合作几个方面来看,岳村实验使村庄结构型社会资本产生了较大程度的激变:岳村社会资本的恒定或延续性,则体现为激变产生的结构型社会资本不稳定,以及认知型社会资本变化不明显,社区信任、互惠规范、合作精神与社区意识都没有得到很明显的改观。社会资本不变或社会资本建设遭遇的障碍,主要缘于既有社会资本存量低、物质资本贫瘠、社会资本结构改变困难等。岳村及岳村实验个案给本文核心问题的回答以有益启迪:重建社会资本是新农村建设的基础工作,应从经济建设、社会网络创建等方面入手,做长期的努力,以期最终建立农村现代社会资本。社会资本是进入与整合乡村的一把钥匙。更多还原

【Abstract】 One of divergences and chaos of the new rural reconstruction is how to enter and integrate the countryside. From the perspective of social capital, how does the new rural reconstruction integrate peasants’ strength in rural communities, with participation from outside force as a turning point, in order to form a rural reform activity with the community inner development?This thesis concludes five chapters. The first chapter is an introduction, and second chapter is connections between rural development and social capital. It is expected to analyses and integrate the divergence of new rural construction from the perspective of social capital, getting some concrete aspects to inspect rural social capital.The third chapter describes the changes of Yuecun village social capital in four periods in the last century. In this close century, Yuecun village social capital has been aggravated unceasingly, from spontaneous or artificial destroying, and it is running off, and some form of it is dried up to some extent. The Yuecun Experiment therefore has gained legitimacy on such a basis.The fourth chapter narrates the Yuecun Experiment, that is, how the experiment rebuilt the social capital of Yuecun village, its effect, and the causes. The Yuecun Experiment aims at starting a mechanism for the community’s cultivating, investing and rebuilding its self social capital. Three main items have representativeness most: the community economy project, the Chickens Raising Association imported cooperation ideas, formulating essential rules and regulations, and forging the peasants’ cooperation ability, aiming at boosting the peasants’ cooperation, and building community trust; The civil rights project, the Peasants’ Law-learning Team established the community diversified participatory network, strengthening the community influence of the new organization, training villagers’ participatory spirit and their reason negotiating ability, to look forward to improving the community governance structure, and reaching village good governance; The community cultural project, the community library opened up a community public space to advance the community consciousness. From the community participatory network, authority connecting pattern, community trust, community cooperation, the Yuecun Experiment has made village structural social capital have an obvious change; The difficulty in constructing Yuecun village social capital embodies that the changed structural social capital is instable, and the change of cognitive social capital is not obvious. This is because that social capital stores amounts are low, material capital being barren, to change social capital structure being difficult, and so on.All in all, rebuilding social capital is the basic work for the new rural reconstruction. It is ought to build rural modern social capital through economic construction, social network-establishment and so on, by long efforts.更多还原