【作者】 宁德利；

【导师】 殷奎德；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江八一农垦大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 长白楤木（Aralia Continentalis kitag）为多年生草本植物,既做中药用,又可做菜食用,极为珍贵。野生资源破坏严重,人工引种栽培长白楤木意义重大。同时对长白楤木药效成分的分析,为药材的质量评价提供科学依据。1长白楤木的种子具有休眠特性,正常情况下几乎不发芽。变温处理比恒温处理有利于长白楤木种子萌发,但没有经过GA₃处理变温后的发芽率高。IAA、2,4-D两种激素处理对长白楤木种子发芽有促进作用,明显比常规变温处理的缩短了种子的发芽时间。2长白楤木引种至大庆地区经过一年时间的适应后物候表现基本正常,经过了极端最低气温-39.2℃,第二年植株正常开化结果,证明长白楤木引种工作获得成功。3田间管理时注意遮荫和多浇水,移栽田要及时除草和松土,雨季注意排水,秋季进行培土,冬季可安全越冬。在大庆种植的长白楤木没有出现曾经报道过的病害,可能是预防措施得当或者是由于大庆地区干旱没有引发病害。嫩芽产量高的最佳密度为12株/m²。4利用分光光度法测定长白楤木各个部位都有药效成分的存在。总黄酮在叶中含量较高,以五年生为最高,就植株而言,则三年生的总体含量为高;皂苷主要集中在根部,随年份增长而不断增加含量,五年生植株达到19.939 mg/g;多糖含量主要在根部,三年生根为最多。更多还原

【Abstract】 The perennial herb Aralia Continentalis Kitag is both used as one kind of Chinese herds and eaten as vegetables. The wild resource is greatly destroyed, and the artificial introduction and cultivation have huge significance and influence. After the analysis and research on the effective components is completed, the quality evaluation on the medical materials of Aralia Continentalis Kitag can be established scientifically.The seed has the characteristics of dormancy, and hardly germinates in the normal conditions. The alternating temperature is more beneficial for the seed to sprout than the stable temperature, and the germination rate of the GA₃-untreated seeds under alternating temperature is much higher. The hormones IAA and 2, 4-D also have promoting effect on the seed germination, and the germination time of the treated seed is quite shorter than those that is only processed through the alternating temperature.After the introduction into Daqing and one-year-long acclimatization, Aralia Continentalis Kitag had the natural phenological spectrum. Although the lowest temperature was extremely -39.2℃, in the second year the plant still bloomed and fruited normally, which suggested the introduction succeeded.In the field, the shading shall be stressed and more irrigation shall be provided. After the transplantation, the timely weed control and soil loosening is necessary, and the drainage in rain season and hilling up in autumn is critical for the plant to safely survive the winter. There are none reported diseases in Aralia Continentalis Kitag planted in Daqing, possibly because of the appropriate preventive measures or the famine in Daqing. The proper planting density which have the yields best of the tender shoots is 12 plants m².The effective components in every part of Aralia Continentalis Kitag are determined by spectrophotometry. The content of total flavones in leaf is much higher. The five-year-old leaf has more total flavones than others, and three-year-old plantlet also has more total flavones. The saponin is concentrated in the root and increases by years, in the fifth year reaching to 19.939 mg/g. The polysaccharide is also distributed mainly in the root, and the content in three-year-old root is the highest.更多还原