【作者】 陈静；

【导师】 魏晓妹；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 水文学及水资源， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是农业大国,灌溉面积广大,其中大型灌区不仅是我国农业可持续发展的基本保障,也是区域经济发展和生态环境保护的基本依托。近年来,随着大型灌区续建配套及节水改造等项目的实施,对灌区的水资源信息管理水平提出了更高的要求,但目前灌区的水资源管理能力相对滞后,传统的手工作业方法使有效资料信息无法共享,导致灌区管理效率低下,此类在一定程度上制约着灌区可持续发展。因此,如何采用现代化方法管理水资源信息已是当务之急,而GIS技术正为这种需求提供了技术方法和手段。建立以GIS为基础的可视化灌区水资源管理信息系统,可使管理者既能够通过图形因素宏观了解和非图形因素快捷查询来把握灌区的总体情况,又能对离散资料整合、分析和显示等,成倍增加灌区管理者信息获取量和拔高信息质量与可利用度,为灌区管理部门提供一种可视化的、高效的管理系统。本研究所取得的结果如下:⑴系统分析了目前基于GIS的灌区水资源管理信息系统的实际需求与存在问题,通过对基于Visual Basic 6.0的GIS二次开发的研究,以陕西省宝鸡峡灌区为应用对象,根据当前GIS的发展趋势,设计了SuperMap Object 2008开发“灌区水资源管理信息系统”的方案,提出了基于组件式GIS灌区水资源管理信息系统的设计目标、方法和思路。⑵依据《全国大型灌区基础数据库建设指南》为建库标准,遵循数据库建立的原则和方法,将涉及到的所有信息标准化,规范化。采用SuperMap中的SDB格式统一管理,按照行政区界、渠系、作物、水库和站点五种类别建立12个数据层,完成属性数据的录入,建立完善的空间数据库。⑶在系统目标与界面基本运行框架确定后,进行了Visual Basic6.0程序编译,完成了空间数据集的基本地图操作、属性数据集的点击查询、由属性数据到空间数据的反向查询、灌区地形三维浏览、不同主题地图制作、图片保存、气象/径流/地下水埋深数据的查询并以电子报表的形式输出查询结果等功能。并对不同类型的用户进行权限限制,在对系统功能流畅操作的基础上维护数据的安全性。⑷在建设灌区水资源管理信息系统的过程中,充分考虑系统的可移植性和通用性,调用系统空间属性数据时以对话框的形式将GIS工作空间文件(即*.smw文件)导入系统,运行各类操作,如若将此系统应用于其他灌区或流域,只需用户事先在SuperMap桌面系统完成该区域的空间数据库建设,按流程导入即可实现系统所有操作,无需修改任何程序代码。(5)实现了信息共享,系统中的数据信息是原来由不同部门分散管理的水资源和有关社会经济活动数据资料,在经过标准化处理后,形成一个完整的体系,避免了以往部门之间的资料互相独立、分散管理而造成的不一致、更新工作量大、错误率高的状况。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a big agricultural country with large irrigation area. Large-sized ID not only supply the basic guarantee for the agricultural sustainable development but also is the fundamental basis for regional economic development and eco-environment protection. Recently, with the implementation of continued and matching construction and water saving projects in large-sized I, information management level of water resources has been require much higher. However, the management of water resources quite lag, and traditional manual work can not share the efficient data information, which resulted in low management efficiency in ID. All these problems have constrained the sustainable development of ID more or less. Henceforth, it is critical to apply modern management method to utilize water resources. GIS, with the popular technique, is offering scientific and practical technology method for such demand.With the establishment of visual management information system of water resources in ID based on GIS, managers can not only master the overall condition of ID through graph and quick inquiry of non graph data, but also integrate, analyze, compute and manifest the discrete data, which increase the information acquisition remarkably and improve information quality and utilization degree. This will supply a new, visual and efficient management system for the management department of ID.The results of this research were as follows:(1) It discussed the demand characteristic and problems of GIS in management information system of water resources in ID thoroughly. According to secondary development of GIS based on Visual Basic 6.0 together with the development trend of GIS, and taking Baojixia ID in Shaanxi province as the utilization project, this research confirmed the scheme of developing“management information system of water resources in ID”based on SuperMap Object 2008 and put forward the design goal, method and idea of management information system of water resources in ID based on component GIS.(2) Taking《Guide to construction of fundamental database for large-sized ID in China》 as the standard for the database construction, and following the related principle and method, it made all the related information standardization and normalization. It adopted the SDB format to manage all the information and established 12 data layers according to five types of administration boundaries, canal system, plant, reservoir and station.(3) After confirming the system goal and interface of basic running frames, Visual Basic6.0 was adopted to write and edit the procedures. It finished the basic map operation of spatial data collection, click inquiry of prosperities data collection, inverse inquiry from prosperities data to spatial data, three-dimensional browse of irrigation topography, making of different thematic maps, saving of pictures, inquiry and outputting the inquiry results of meteorological, runoff and groundwater level. It also limited the permission for different users and maintain the safety of data on the basis of fluent operation of system function.(4) the course of establishing management information system of water resources in ID, the portability and generality were taken into account fully to call the spatial attribute data of system. The GIS spatial work data (*.smw document)will be introduced to the system in the way of dialogue to run all kinds of operation. If this system could be applied to the irrigation districts or watersheds, what needs to do to actualize all the operation is that the users finish establishment of spatial database of the certain area on the SuperMap Desktop System and introduce documents following certain process and no modifying of program code is needed.(5) It actualized the share of information. The data information of system come were form different water resources management department and social activity data related to water resources, however ,after the normalization treatment, the inconsistency because of independence and distributive management of information and data of different departments have been avoided, which improved the condition of heavy workload with low efficiency.更多还原