和谐社会背景下的政府社会管理研究

【作者】 高轩；

【导师】 郑曙村；

【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 中国共产党第十六届四中全会作出了建设社会主义和谐社会的重大战略决策。建设社会主义和谐社会是一项系统工程,涉及到政治、经济、社会、文化等方方面面,其中政府作用举足轻重。从我国当前社会现实出发,2003年十六届三中全会实事求是地把政府职能定位于“经济调节、市场监管、社会管理和公共服务”四个方面,将社会管理明确定位政、府的主要职能之一。在构建社会主义和谐社会的大背景下,对强化政府社会管理能力这一问题的分析和思考,具有十分重要的现实意义。强化政府社会管理,有利于维护社会的公平正义,有利于社会的安定有序,有利于实现社会的利益均衡,有利于处理人民内部矛盾,有利于人与自然的和谐相处,建设生态文明,有利于推进和谐文化建设,为社会和谐提供精神动力与智力支持。只有努力强化政府社会管理,才能使社会主义和谐社会建设顺利实现。新中国成立以来,尤其是改革开放30年以来,我国政府在社会管理方面取得了显著的成就。完善了政府职能体系,明确了社会管理是当前政府的重要职能;重塑了政府与社会的关系,社会的独立性增强;政府对社会事业的支出不断增加;实施了相关的社会管理政策,社会问题得到了初步解决。但是目前我国政府在社会管理方面仍存在着许多问题。重经济增长,轻社会发展的理念仍然惯性的存在;政府职能界定不清,越位缺位现象严重;政府社会管理方法单一;政府社会管理体制不科学,缺乏合理性;社会政策问题突出;社会组织发育不成熟,社会力量弱小;政府对社会事业的公共投入仍然偏低且结构不够合理等。这些问题的存在严重制约了政府社会管理职能的有效发挥,影响了社会的和谐运行。针对目前政府社会管理中存在的这些问题,文章从多面和角度提出了一些解决的方案。具体来说,文章指出更新社会管理理念是强化政府社会管理的前提;优化社会管理组织和人员结构是强化政府社会管理的基础;建立健全社会管理机制是强化政府社会管理的根本;创新政府社会管理方法是强化政府社会管理的关键;提高社会自治能力是强化政府社会管理的重要依托。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Fourth session of the 16th Plenary Session of The CPC has put forth a major strategic decision of building the socialism harmonious. It is a systematic project to build the socialism harmonious, involving the political, economic, social and cultural and so on, of which the role of government is pivotal . Judging from China’s current social realities, The Third session of the 16th Plenary Session in 2003 realistically defined the functions of the government as "economic regulation, market supervision, social management and public services", particularly made clear that the social management is one of the government’ main functions. Under the background of building the socialism harmonious, we should strive to analyse and ponder an issue of the ability to strengthen the government social management, which is of great practical significance. It is conducive to maintaining the social fairness and justice; to the social stability and order; to the realization of the interests balance of the community; to the harmony between the human and the natural, building the ecological civilization; to promoting the construction of harmonious culture, providing spiritual impetus and intellectual support for the society. Only by striving to strengthen the government social management, can we make the construction of the socialism harmonious society come true smoothly.Since new China was established, particularly since the reform and open policy about 30 years, our government social management has achieved the remarkable achievements. We have consummated the government function system and made clear that the social management is the current government’s important function; have reshaped the relationship between the government and society and enhanced society’s independence; have heighten the support and the government expenditure on social enterprise is growing unceasingly; have implemented the relevant social policy and social issues have been settled preliminarily. However, at present there are still many problems. The concept, which we attach much importance to economic growth and look down on social development, remains the existence; The limitation of the government function is not clear and the phenomenon of absence and offside of government function is serious; the methods of government social management are single; The system of the government social management is unscientific, lacking the rationality; The issues of social policy are prominent; The growth of social organization is not mature ,the capacity of society is weak; the government expenditure on social enterprise is still somewhat low and the structure is not very reasonable. The existence of the problems seriously has restricted the government social management function and affected the operation of social harmony.In light of these problems of the government social management, to solve these problems, the article from the multi-perspective sets forth a number of effective solutions. Specifically speaking, in order to strengthen the government social management, the article points out: the renewal of social management’s idea is the premise; the optimization of the social management organization and the personnel structure is the basis; the establishment of a sound government social management mechanism is foundation; the innovation of social management’s methods is the key; the raise of the social’s self-government capacity is the important backing.更多还原