【作者】 买晓森；

【导师】 杨庆媛；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 人文地理学， 2008， 硕士

【副题名】以重庆市沙坪坝区为例

【摘要】 2004年10月21曰,国务院下发的《国务院关于深化改革严格土地管理的决定》(国发[2004]28号)中明确提出了城镇建设用地增加与农村建设用地减少相挂钩的政策。该文件第二部分“加强土地利用总体规划、城市总体规划、村庄和集镇规划实施管理”中明确指出:“鼓励农村建设用地整理,城镇建设用地增加要与农村建设用地减少相挂钩。”由此,城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策正式出台。城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策的内涵为:在土地利用总体规划确定的规划用途分区的基础上,按照土地集约利用的要求,采取科学的工程技术手段,通过将若干拟复垦为耕地的农村建设用地地块(拆旧地块)和用于城镇建设的地块(即建新地块)共同组成建新拆旧项目区(以下简称项目区),通过建新拆旧和土地复垦,最终实现项目区内建设用地总量不增加,耕地面积不减少、质量不降低,用地布局更合理的土地开发整理工作。全文分为四个部分共六章。第一部分为本文的研究背景部分,本部分围绕“挂钩”政策的背景、国内外有关城市发展、农村居民点整理等方面的研究理论对“挂钩”的理论根源进行探讨,指出“挂钩”政策是我国人多地少,耕地资源有限的特殊国情下城市化发展的必然。城市化引起城市规模扩张,进而导致的建设用地的增长,而建设用地的扩张必须占用耕地,而在我国人多地少,耕地资源有限的情况下对耕地资源的建设占用必须进行限制。因此,必须在占用耕地的情况下,通过农村居民点整理对耕地进行补充,实现耕地总量的占补平衡;但由于城市发展用地的迫切需要,所以挂钩政策提出“周转指标”分批下达建设用地,提出“分期归还”解决农村居民点整理对建设占用的滞后性问题。“挂钩”政策解决了城市发展的用地需求,又满足了保护耕地、保持耕地总量动态平衡的宏观要求。第二部分即第2章,着重分析沙坪坝区开展挂钩的基础条件。本部分结合具体研究区域重庆市沙坪坝区,从城镇化发展、新农村建设、城市规划等方面分析了本区开展“挂钩”的驱动力;从经济基础、自然条件、公众认同度等方面分析了本区开展挂钩的基础条件。研究认为沙坪坝区经济实力雄厚,居民受教育程度高,社会可接受性较好,具备开展挂钩项目所需要的基本经济条件,同时开展城乡建设用地增减挂钩是沙坪坝区经济发展和社会主义新农村建设的迫切要求,通过挂钩,可以有效地改善农村农民生活条件,提高农民生活水平。第三部分即第3章和第4章,为本文的核心研究部分。本部分通过挂钩潜力测算,得出到目标年2010年,当农村人均农村居民点用地达到110平方米时,基本可以满足沙坪坝区新增的城镇用地需求865.74公顷用地需求;到目标年2020年,当人均农村居民点用地缩减到90平方米时,则农村居民点的整理潜力可以达到1760.23公顷,基本可以满足城镇建设用地新增需求4525.09公顷的38.90%。通过资金投入量、预期净产出方面对沙坪坝区开展“挂钩”进行“投入-产出”分析及财务分析,预测得出当挂钩周转指标出让均价大于37万元/亩时,沙坪坝区开展城乡建设用地增减挂钩的经济可行性较好。通过分析开展挂钩可能存在的风险因素,本文认为挂钩项目牵扯面大、运作周期长,因此要特别注意综合运用经济手段、技术手段、行政手段来规避风险,以实现挂钩效益的最大化。第四部分即第5章,着重写“挂钩”挂钩的运作及政策建议部分。本部分从“挂钩”应遵循的原则、“挂钩”实施的步骤、“挂钩”实施的措施、“挂钩”的资金筹措及管理方面对“挂钩”的运作进行梳理。论文最后提出促进“挂钩”实施的相关政策建议,旨在针对当前挂钩中可能存在的一些问题提出对策,以期更好地为编制挂钩规划、实施挂钩项目提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 On October 21st 2004, the State Council has issued the decision declared by State Council about reform and land management. It contains the policy of the increase of city building land establishes links with the decrease of the countryside. In its second section, it points out that encourage the tidiness of the building land, the increase of city building land establishes links with the countryside. So the policy of the increase of city building land establishes links with the countryside was put forward formally.The connotation of the policy is: on the bases of the whole use of the land, according the request of intensive, we should take the scientifically technology. Through the utilization of the land for the construction of rural and town we can achieve our plan which is not adding the building land, not limiting the soil, not decreasing the quality and let the developing land more properly. We should put the countryside soil into order. It contains village soil, factory land, and some abolished land. Through the work, we can find the potential of the countryside building land. Developing means the construction activity starts in town which changes with the rural land that is sorted according the land target.In the first section, it is the background. It centers on the background of the pothook, the development of in and out of the county, and the tidies of the villages to talk about the origin of the pothook. It points out that the policy of pothook is fit for the development of the city in our county which has many people and few land especially the cultivated land. Urbanization leads to the expansion of the city, the increase of the construction land, and it must occupy the cultivated land but in the situation of our country it must be limited for the construction of the cultivated land. So it needs using the cultivated land to add the cultivated land by the tidies of the rural land. Consequently it can achieve the balance of the used and compensation land. Owing to the need of the development of the city, the policy point out a way which is to compensate according the time to solve the problem of occupying the rural land in the construction. In the second section, it sums up the connotation, sense, significance, aim, principal of the pothook, meanwhile it also take a preliminary study for its mode and step. The third section is the code. It takes the Shapingba district in Chongqing as the example to analyze the urbanization development, new village construction, city program and so on. It begins from the base of the economy, the natural condition, the agreement of the human and so on to analyze the base condition for the activity. According some relative data, it forecast the need for the construction in town and the potential of the cleaning up land in rural, and it also analyze the element that is affect the work of the cleaning up in countryside. In the base of the former activities, it forecasts the potential of pothook in the area. Through economy analyse, it composes the comprehensive target system for the judgment economic results of the pothook. Through the further analyzing for the benefit and risk, it take the whole analyze for the macroscopic possibility of the Pothook of the increase of city construction land and the decrease of rural residential land. In the forth section, it refers for some problems and hazards of the pothook. It points out some advices for the carrying and practice and sums up the achievement. Its aim is to refer to some policies for the possibility problems, suggest some relatively political advice to promote the actualization of the "pothook".更多还原