【作者】 李伟；

【导师】 姜景奎；

【作者基本信息】 北京大学 ， 印度语言文学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 室利·奥罗宾多·高士是近代印度著名的哲学家和瑜伽导师,也是位著名的民族主义者和诗人。他对现代社会影响巨大,有学者将他与甘地、泰戈尔甚至马克思等人相提并论;由奥罗宾多的弟子们筹建奥罗维尔新城的工作甚至得到了联合国教科文组织的赞同和支持。然而国内对奥罗宾多的关注程度远不及国外,相关的研究工作均集中于他的哲学成就,忽略了他作为瑜伽导师的地位和影响,甚至对于他的生平介绍也不详尽。本文试图通过介绍和评价奥罗宾多的整体瑜伽思想,从另一侧面诠释奥罗宾多其人及其思想的价值。本文在总体上分为绪论、正文和结语三个部分。绪论部分首先对本课题研究的意义进行了分析,在肯定了对奥罗宾多哲学等领域研究意义的基础上突出了对整体瑜伽思想的研究意义,其次对国内外研究情况进行了介绍和梳理。正文又分为四个部分,分述了整体瑜伽思想的形成过程、哲学基础、修行理论、特点和影响。结语部分简略探讨了国内对奥罗宾多研究滞后的原因、奥罗宾多一生的三次重大转折及其特殊的家庭环境、神秘主义思想与近现代物理学的交流情况以及本文的研究局限。在正文中,本人主要采用了先概述事实材料后评价总结的评介方法,其中客观材料包括奥罗宾多的生平、整体吠檀多哲学——新吠檀多不二论和精神进化论、整体瑜伽修行理论——“三一之道”和自我圆成的瑜伽、奥罗宾多思想对当代社会的影响;本人的主观评价则主要体现在对奥罗宾多思想历程、奥罗宾多哲学和瑜伽思想与近现代物理学在基本理论上的联系和区别、整体瑜伽理论对《薄伽梵歌》等印度古典瑜伽理论的继承和发展、整体瑜伽思想的特点等问题的分析、归纳和总结上。通过研究本人主要有三点发现:(1)奥罗宾多虽然从7岁起在英国留学和生活了十四年,其家庭也具有强烈的西化倾向,但奥罗宾多始终没有接受西方现代化思想的影响,他在经历了短暂的革命生涯后便走上了神秘主义的瑜伽修行之路,这说明他深受传统印度文明的影响。(2)奥罗宾多的整体瑜伽思想之所以为许多现代东西方学者和新纪元运动者接受,其哲学基础与近现代物理学基本理论的相似性应为其中的重要原因之一。(3)整体瑜伽的理论综合以《薄伽梵歌》为主,而放弃了大部分赫他瑜伽和一部分王瑜伽的修行方法,因而其“整体”的意义并不完全在于奥罗宾多对各种瑜伽修行方法的综合,甚至可以说他无法完成这一目标,准确地说,其“整体”的意义应为其修行目标的全面性、修行方法理论上的综合性和修行方式的和谐性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sri Aurobindo Ghose was a famous Indian philosopher, guru of yoga, nationalist and poet. He influenced modern society greatly, some scholars mentioned him in the same breath as Gandhi, Tagore, or even Marx; Aurobindo’s disciples built an international township Auroville in Pondicherry, this project was so significant that it was sponsored by UNESCO. However, Aurobindo has been known much less in China than oversea countries. Most domestic researches about him were focused on his philosophy, with ignorance of his influence as a guru of yoga, and even introductions to his life were not detailed. This paper comments on Sri Aurobindo’s Integral Yoga, and tries to explain him and the value of his thought in a different way.This thesis has three parts as a whole: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part first emphasizes the sense of study on Aurobindo’s Integral Yoga, with affirmation on the importance of research on Aurobindo’s philosophy etc., then recommends preexistent researches about Aurobindo both in and out of China. The text again contains four parts, discusses the formation process, the philosophic base, the practical theory, the characteristic and the influence of Integral Yoga respectively. The conclusion part briefly analyzes the reason why domestic study on Aurobindo has been belittled, summarizes three main transitions during Aurobindo’s lifetime and his special family environment, the intercourse between mysticlsm and modern physics, the limitation of this paper.The main study method used in the text is narrating impersonal materials before making estimations. Impersonal materials include Aurobindo’s biography, Integral Vedanta philosophy—New Advaita Vedanta and Spirit Evolutionary Theory, The Synthesis of Yoga—“Trimārga”and The Yoga of Self-Perfection, Sri Aurobindo’s influence; Estimations are some analyses and summarization about the development of Aurobindo’s idea, the resemblance and difference between Aurobindo’s philosophy and basic theory of modern physics, Integral Yoga’s inheritings from classical yoga theories such as Bhagavad-Gita and contributions, the characteristic of Integral Yoga and so on.Through the study I have three main conclusions:1. Although Aurobindo had stayed and been educated in England for fourteen years since he was seven, and his family has intensely admired western life, Aurobindo had not accepted the idea of modernization. After a short political career, he had chosen to become a yogi, which indicates he agrees Indian traditional civilization very deeply.2. Why Aurobindo’s Integral Yoga has been accepted among many modern scholars and New Age urgers? The similarity between its philosophy base and basic theory of modern physics must be one of the important reasons.3. The Synthesis of Yoga in Integral Yoga mostly bases on Bhagavad-Gita, and has given up a great part of Hathayoga and some parts of Rajayoga. Thus the“Integral”does not mean Aurobindo has synthesized every method of all kinds of yoga, indeed he could not achieve this target, precisely speaking, it means Integral Yoga’s comprehensive objects, synthetic methods in theory and harmonious manners.更多还原