【作者】 李红；

【导师】 姚新奎；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究利用7个微卫星标记,通过DNA提取、PCR扩增、凝胶电泳检测等一系列分子操作技术,对新疆三个马群体(哈萨克马、伊犁马、杂种马)共计149匹份,进行群体遗传结构及遗传多样性分析。结果表明:(1)在3个群体7个微卫星位点检测到41个等位基因,其中26个等位基因为3个群体所共有;在HMS3位点上含有的等位基因数最多达12个,UM011位点的等位基因数为10个,HMS6位点和HMS7位点等位基因数为9个, HTG4位点等位基因为8个,UCDEQ505位点等位基因为7个,而在UCDEQ440位点上最少只有4个等位基因;(2)3个群体中,平均杂合度最高的为杂种马群体(0.7379),最低的为伊犁马群体(0.6838);平均多态信息含量最高的为杂种马群体(0.7066),最低的为伊犁马群体(0.6477);(3)3个马群体的平均杂合度、平均多态信息含量和平均有效等位基因数分别为0.6838～0.7066、0.6477～0.7066和3.5707～4.3180;(4)计算了三个群体的遗传距离,并且构建了亲缘关系树状图。遗传距离最近的是哈萨克马和伊犁马,为0. 6121,遗传距离最远的是哈萨克马和杂种马,为0.7649。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, utilizing microsatellite three horses populations(Kazakh horse, Yi Li horse, Hybrid horse and 149 in total)were analyzed. The genetic variation of population of 7 microsatellite locis (HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, UM011, UCDEQ440, UCDEQ505) were analyzed by using DNA extraction, PCR amplifying, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis testing et al. The results are showed as follow: (1) There are 41 alleles in seven microsatellites ites in these three populations, 26 alleles are found in commonin the three populations. There are 12 alleles in the locus of HMS3, which is the largest number alleles in all. There are 10 alleles in the locus of UM011. There are 9 alleles in the locus of HMS6 and HMS7. There are 8 alleles in the locus of HTG4. There aer 7aleles in the locus of UCDEQ505. And there are only 4 alleles in the locus of UCDEQ440. (2) The average heterozygosity in all populations which varied from the highest in Hybrid horse population(0.7379) to the lowest in Yi Li horses population (0.6838)respectively ; and The average PIC which varied from the highest in Hybrid horse population (0.7066) to the lowest in Yi Li horse population (0.6477)respectively. (3) The average heterozygosity and average polymorphism information content (PIC) and average numbers of alleles are 0.6838～0.7066, 0.6477～0.7066和3.5707～4.3180, respectively among these populations. (4)The genetic distances between population and the dendrogram of relationships were obtained. The genetic distances between Kazakh horse population and Hybrid horse population is nearest(0. 6121). The genetic distances between Kazakh horse population and Yi Li horses population is furthest(0.7649).更多还原