【作者】 丁娟；

【导师】 池元斌；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 凝聚态物理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文的工作利用乳化剂乳液聚合法制备了单分散聚苯乙烯微球,使用垂直沉积法制备了密堆积面心立方结构的聚苯乙烯微球胶体晶体,采用甲苯和乙醇混合溶液刻蚀密堆积面心立方结构的聚苯乙烯微球胶体晶体制备了非密堆积面心立方结构的聚苯乙烯微球光子晶体,使用溶胶-凝胶法对非密堆积面心立方结构的聚苯乙烯微球光子晶体浸渗钛溶胶制备了三维有序大孔二氧化钛薄膜.实验结果表明,甲苯和乙醇混合溶液刻蚀聚苯乙烯微球胶体晶体得到的非密堆积面心立方结构的聚苯乙烯微球光子晶体相邻微球之间以连通杆相连接,杆长L=21nm,杆径r=106nm.该种制备非密堆积面心立方结构的聚苯乙烯微球光子晶体的方法为利用模板技术制备具有完全带隙的胶体光子晶体提供一种新的思路.此外我们用直径为292nm的二氧化硅微球为基元,采用垂直沉积法制备了有序性和完整性较好的密堆积面心立方结构的胶体晶体;然后对其进行高温煅烧,胶体晶体中相邻二氧化硅微球由相切转变成相交叠;最后用一定浓度的HF酸刻蚀,得到了非密堆积面心立方结构的二氧化硅微球胶体晶体,该胶体晶体中相邻微球之间以连通杆相连接,相邻二氧化硅微球之间连通杆的半径与二氧化硅微球的半径之比为28.6%。我们的杆径与球径的比值优前人的结果,在其基础上又前进了一步,这对于制备具有三维完全带隙的空心球非密堆积FCC结构的光子晶体是有利的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Both the polystyrene microspheres and Silica microspheres colloidal crystals are used for preparing the design of full three-dimensional photonic bandgap crystals at visible wavelengths. In this paper,we fabricated the Polystyrene colloidal crystals by vertical deposition method ; and used etching technique with toluene and ethanol mix solution(Volume fraction is 10%) to prepare the polystyrene microspheres colloidal crystals for non-close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure. Its neighboring microspheres were connected by cylindrical tubes; we used the sol-gel technique to prepare the three-dimensional、order and macroporous TiO2 film with infiltrating the titanium sol into the polystyrene microspheres colloidal crystals for non-close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structureFirstly,monodisperse polystyrene microspheres were prepared by emulsion polymerization. The standard deviation of microsphere,s diameter was less than 2%. We has analyzed the influence factors of polystyrene macroporous particle size.Secondly , we used the vertical deposition method to prepare the polystyrene microspheres colloidal crystals for close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure. Its band gap peak of transmission spectrum’s approaches in 0.It explained that the polystyrene microspheres arranged orderly and the sample quality is very high.Thirdly , we used toluene and alcohol mix solution (Volume fraction is 10%)to etch the polystyrene microspheres colloidal crystals for close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure which has heated. The heating temperature was 85℃and the heating time is 2 hours. We prepared the polystyrene microspheres photonic crystals for non-close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure .And the neighbering polystyrene microspheres were connected by cylindrical tubes , L=18nm, r=106nm.,L and r were the length and the diameter of cylinder tubes . The methods that prepared the polystyrene microspheres photonic crystals for non-close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure proved a new kind of thought for the creation of colloidal photonic crystals with a full photonic band gap through templating technique.Finally, we took the polystyrene microspheres photonic crystals for non-close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure as the template and used the sol-gel technique to prepare the three-dimensional、order and macroporous TiO2 film with infiltrating the titanium sol into the template.The experimental results indicated that the infiltration time was 1min and the times of infiltration was 2 could prepare the three-dimensional、order and macroporous TiO2 thin film which has good quality.In addition ,we had the silica microspheres for the unit and used dvertical deposition to prepare the ordered and integrated silica microspheres colloidal crystals for close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure;then the silica microspheres colloidal crystals were sintered by high temperature; The silica microspheres colloidal crystals for non-close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure were prepared from etching the silica microspheres colloidal crystals for close-packed face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure by HF acid and water mix solution(the quality score of HF acid was 1.0 - wt%). The neighboring silica microspheres in the colloidal crystals were connected by cylindrical tubes,and the ratio between the diameters of neighboring silica ,s cylindrical tubes and the diameters of silica microspheres is 28.6%. Keeping the lattice constant the same with the length of cylindrical tubes, our ratio between the diameters of cylindrical tubes and the diameters of silica microspheres was better than the ratio of [7] . The results were useful for preparing the hollow spheres photonic crystal for non-closed-packed face-centered -cubic structure which has the full three-dimensional photonic bandgap.更多还原