【作者】 宁玲忠；

【导师】 黎满香；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 预防兽医学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本实验通过感染兔瘟Y8504毒株后发病的死亡兔,进行解剖后,了解病毒对各系统的损害及各脏器的临床病理变化,对其脑、心脏、肺脏、胰、肾脏、肾上腺、胃、肠等组织切片的病理学变化进行了观察。结果表明,病毒影响血液的凝固性,造成全身多个脏器严重出血而发生缺氧和广泛性坏死,最终导致各器官急性功能衰竭而死亡。观察了47例实验感染急性兔瘟神经系统病理组织学变化,均出现不同程度的病变。中枢神经系统最常见的变化是脑脊髓不同程度的淤血、血停滞、微血栓形成以及脑实质小灶状出血,少数病例出现神经细胞变性、胶质细胞“卫星”现象、以及微坏死灶。外周神经的病变表现为较轻的脱髓鞘现象。这些变化都是非特定性的,可认为是血液循环障碍导致的组织缺氧和营养不良。极少数病例中发生的淋巴细胞型脑膜脑炎应属于病毒感染的结果。弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)由兔瘟病毒直接损伤器官及血管壁所致。组织学证实DIC占63%,DIC的主要分布部位,在肾小体和皮质部间质,肺泡壁,心肌间质,肾上腺皮质部,肝静脉窦。出现DIC的器官比无DIC者,其病变加重,同时伴发出血。这提示DIC在加重急性兔瘟发病过程中有重要作用,它们导致肾上腺、肺和肾出血是本病的重要致死原因之一。应用特异性强、敏感性高、简单方便的套式PCR技术检测RHDV以快速确诊兔瘟,根据GenBank登录的兔瘟病毒的VP60基因序列,设计了2对引物,建立了检测兔瘟病毒的套式PCR检测方法。先用外引物扩增一段389 bp的DNA片断,继而用内引物以扩增产物为模板进行第2次扩增(即套式PCR),提高了结果的准确性,避免一次性PCR的假阳性结果。对12份RHD样本进行检测,确诊率为100%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rabbits were inoculated with Y8504 stain of the rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD), and were dissected after their death. Formalin-fixed tissues of the cerebrum, heart, lung, pancreas, kidney, adrenal gland, small intestine and stomach were studied using routine haematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain, different pathological changes and damages were found in different organs after infection. It indicates that RHDV can influence the coagulability of the blood, cause hypoxia and catholicity necrosis because of gross hemorrhage of some organs, ultimately lead to acute nonfunction of all the organs and death.Histopathologic changes of the nervous sytem were observed in 47 experimentally infected rabbits . Changes were seen in cns in nearly all cases.Most frequent lesions were nenous hyperemia,stasis and microthrombosis. Focal hemorrhage, micronecrosis and satellitosis were present in a few cases. The myelindegeneration and demyelination of nerve fibers occurred in the nervi ischiadicus in more than half of the cases.Authors regard these lesions as the hypoxic and dystrophic injury due to the ciriulatoyy disturbance rather than specific process. That is to say the cause of death was that the virus directly induced injury of different organs and vessel wall,then results in disseminated intravasvular coagulation(DIC) and systemic hemorrhage, and that blood loss caused hypoxia of systemic organs,and finally induced functional failure of vital important organs.According to the published VP60 gene of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus(RHDV) two pairs of primers were designed for detecting RHDV by nested PCR assay. Firstly a 389 bp product was amplified and then used as template to perform the second amplification using the inner primers. With this nested PCR method, 12 RHD samples have been detected for RHDV and all got the positive results.更多还原