商品房消费者权益的完善

【作者】 张莉；

【导师】 杨文彬；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 经济法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 文章除前言和结语外,共分为三大部分。第一部分,商品房消费者权益的内涵及特点。首先分析了商品房消费者权益的内涵。在分析商品房消费者权益的内涵时,采用层层递进的方法。通过对消费者概念的分析,首先得出了商品房消费者的定义。接下来介绍商品房消费者权益的内涵。最后,通过和一般消费者权益的比较,结合商品房买卖的特点,总结出了商品房消费者权益的特点。第二部分,商品房消费者权益受损现象的分析。商品房消费者权益受损现象比比皆是,文中将受损现象归纳为大体出现在商品房买卖的三个环节上。第一个环节也是出现问题较多的一个环节,即商品房预售环节。一般表现在三个方面:购房广告;认购书的签订;商品房预售合同中的不公平条款。第二个环节是商品房的交付使用阶段。这一阶段主要涉及到三个问题:开发商延期交房;面积纠纷及房屋质量问题。最后一个环节是房地产权证登记办理阶段。在这个环节,消费者权益受损一是表现为由于开发商相关手续不全导致房地产权证不能按期办理;二是通常表现为开发商违规将商品房重复出售,导致买受人不能正常办理房地产权证。第三部分,商品房消费者权益的完善。这是文章的主体部分。针对消费者权益受损现象的分析,首先提出了商品房预售制度的完善。目前商品房预售是否取消仍存在争议,在赞成不应取消商品房预售的基础上,提出了商品房预售制度完善的几个方面:对商品房预售认购书的进一步规制;对预售资金的加强管理;商品房预告登记制度的进一步完善。在商品房买卖中还应加强惩罚性赔偿制度的建设。特别体现在目前的《最高人民法院关于审理商品房买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释》中关于惩罚性赔偿制度的相关规定尚有不完备之处。最后,试图从法经济学的角度去探讨商品房消费者权益的完善。首先从成本收益角度分析,得出应着力于解决目前消费者权利救济的成本高收益小的问题;另外,提出信息的非对称性和由此引发的道德风险,也是解决出卖人侵害消费者利益的问题的一个根本所在。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article is divided into three parts, except the preface and the ending.The first part deals with the meaning and characteristic of consumer rights about commercial residential buildings(CRB). Firstly, the author analyies the meaning of consumer rights about CRB. While doing so, the step_by_step method is used. Through the analysis of the concept of consumer, the anthor first gives us a clear definition of CRB consumer. Then it introduces the meaning of consumer rights about CRB. At last, by contrasting with the common consumer right and considering the characteristic of CRB business, the author summerizes the features of consumer rights about CRB.The second part analyses the common fact that consumer rights about CRB is always damaged. This article classifies the phenomenon according to the three steps of CRB business. More questions appear at the first step: the advance booking of CRB. And we can see it in three aspects: the sales advertisement of CRB, the signment of subscribing agreement, the unfair clause in the advance booking contract. The second step is one at which CRB is delivered and put in use. Three questions are involved at this step: the delayed delivery the dispntes on the area of the house and its quality. The last step is one at which the real estate right certificate is filed. At the time the damages are two: the certificate can not be handled in time because of the insufficiency of the dealer’s formalities, the dealer illegally the building for the second time, which makes the buyer fail in going through the formalities.The thirt part of this article is concerning the consummation of consumer rights about CRB which is its main part. Firstly, the author suggests consummating the advance booking system of CRB. At present many arguments over the cancellation of it. The author further sets firth how to consummate the system form the following aspects: further regulating the subscribing agreement of the advance booking of CRB; tighening up the management of the advance booking fund; further consummating its pre-telling and filing system. The author also emphasises that we should reinforce the construction of punishing compensation system. Furthermore, the article mentions that the relative regulations about this system are not sufficient, which we can see in《Explanation on Applicable Laws on Disputes Aricing form CRB Business Contract Made by the Supreme Lourt of PRC》.Finally, the author attempts to discuss the consummation of consumer rights about CRB in terms of legal economics. Firstly, based on the analysis of cost and revenue,the article concludes that we should revolve the problem that the cost of the relief of the consumer rights is high while its interent is low. Secondly, the author says sonething about the fact that the buys can’t get as much information as the seller and moral questions are often caused by it is also a basic reason why the consumer rights are always injured by the seller.更多还原