【作者】 叶军；

【导师】 钱建平；

【作者基本信息】 桂林工学院 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,我国城市大气污染日趋严重,城市的污染类型也正从燃煤型转向交通型污染逐步转变。桂林是世界知名的旅游城市,旅游业的快速发展带动了交通业的迅猛发展,交通尾气的排放势必对城市的大气乃至周边的生态系统产生影响。因而本次工作选择交通沿线区域内的重金属元素汞作为研究对象。本文旨在通过对城区及近郊公路两旁植物、土壤、大气汞含量的研究,初步探讨桂林市交通干线两侧的汞污染现状以及汞元素在这一区域内的迁移规律,并针对桂林地区公路两侧汞污染特点提出防治建议。本次工作共分为2个阶段,第一阶段主要是室内工作,通过对大量的条件试验摸索出大气样品采集、测定的最优方案以及植物、土壤的最佳消解、测定方案;第二阶段是对桂林市的漓江路、中山路、六合路、琴潭路、桂林高速公路、南环路、东环路,七条公路两侧的树叶、蔬菜、土壤、大气样品进行采集。此次工作野外共采集土壤样品68个,蔬菜样品43个,树叶样品25个,大气样品50个,并使用AA-700型原子吸收光谱仪(美国PE公司)对这些样品中的汞含量进行测定,通过对数据的分析得出以下主要结论:1、对市区主要燃油供应点的燃油汞含量进行测定表明:燃油的汞含量范围在3.66-9.74ng/g,高于国外有关资料报道的燃油汞含量一般值(0.7-3.2ng/g)。2、桂林市公路两侧土壤、植物、大气均有一定程度的汞污染;植物根、茎、叶的汞含量有较明显的差异,各部分汞含量依次为:叶>根>茎;大气汞含量总体较低,但在交通密集的车站,十字路口等地区大气汞含量明显增高。3、公路两侧的土壤、植物、大气汞分布具有一定的相似性,随远离公路,汞含量逐渐降低,这种分布特征显示交通尾气中释放的汞是污染的主要来源。4、不同类型样品相关性分析显示,蔬菜根部汞含量受土壤汞含量影响较明显,蔬菜叶和树叶汞含量受大气汞含量影响明显。最后,本文针对桂林地区交通引起的汞提出防治的对策和方案,并在样品采集方案优化、蔬菜种类的选择、汞的形态研究等方面提出进一步工作设想。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, atmosphere pollution is getting more and more serious in most cities of china, and the pollution type is also changing from burning coal to the traffic pollution gradually. Guilin is the world well-known traveling city, tourism’s fast development leads the traffic industry swift and violent development, the traffic exhaust emission inevitably has the influence to the city atmosphere and even the peripheral ecosystem. Thus in this work the choice of the traffic route region where has been polluted by the heavy metal element---mercury is most important.This article is for the purpose of through researching the mercury content in the plant,the soil and the atmospheric which are both in urban and suburban to find the mercury pollution present situation along the two sides of the Guilin traffic skeleton line initially and the mercury element migration rule in this region, and the author proposes reasonable and feasible suggestions of preventing and controlling mercury pollution.This work is divided into two stages. The first stage is mainly working inside,and the work includes trying to find out the best atmospheric sample gathering and measuring program through the massive condition experiments, and thing of the best plan that the plant and the soil’s dispelling and measuring. The second stage is collecting vegetables, soil, atmospheric and leaf samples from two sides of LijiangRoad,ZhongshanRoad, LiuheRoad, QintanRoad, NanhuanRoad, DonghuanRoad and the highway in Guilin urban。And all the collected samples contain 68 soil samples, 43 vegetables samples, 25 leaf samples and 50 atmospheric samples. What’s more, these samples’mercury content is exactly measured by the AA-700 atom absorption spectroscope (the American PE Corporation).According to those data, the author draws the four significant conclusions:1、As Urban fuel to the main fuel supply points for mercury content measured indicated that the mercury content of the fuel in 3.66-9.74ng/g scope, the information reported above external fuel mercury content in general terms(0.7-3.2ng/g)。2、Soil, plants and atmosphere which are on both sides of highway in Guilin have a certain degree of mercury pollution; the roots, stems and leaves of plants are more obvious different in mercury content, parts mercury content are characterized as follows : leaves > stems >roots; atmospheric mercury content is lower overall, but atmospheric mercury content in traffic-intensive stations, crossroads, and other areas is obviously increased.3、Soil, plants and atmosphere’s mercury content distribution have certain similarities, as far away from roads, mercury content is reduced gradually, and this distribution of the release of mercury that traffic tail gas is the main source of pollution. 4、Relevance of the analysis of different types of samples showed that the root of vegetables’mercury content is more obviously impacted by that of soil, while leaves of vegetables and trees’mercury content is affected absolutely by atmospheric mercury content.Finally, this article mainly aims at the mercury pollution which is in the Guilin traffic areas, and the author gives reasonable preventing and controlling mercury pollution’s strategies and plans, and proposes some further works’conceives.更多还原