【作者】 王洪；

【导师】 秦岩；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 材料学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究了聚乙烯材料的发泡特性、阻燃特性、抗静电性能以及成型工艺，确定了具体材料组分比例与材料性能关系，探讨了聚乙烯泡沫材料的抗静电机理与阻燃机理。采用十八烷基二甲基羟乙基季铵硝酸盐和硬酯酸单甘油脂混合物作为抗静电剂，研究了两种抗静电剂对聚乙烯泡沫材料体积电阻的影响。发现抗静电剂用量、环境温度和湿度都会对泡沫材料最终体积电阻产生影响，用ASA2作为抗静电剂采用涂敷法制备了抗静电聚乙烯泡沫，当抗静电液浓度大于8％时，泡沫体积电阻降低到10⁶O·m。固色剂加入提高了泡沫表面的耐水洗及摩擦以及抗静电耐久性。研究还推导了推出ρ_v体积电阻率与抗静电剂浓度C之间的经验公式：ρ_v=（1+1／C₂）k/C₁研究了十溴联苯醚、氯化聚乙烯、三氧化二锑和Mg（HO）₂等作为阻燃剂对PE泡沫材料阻燃性能影响。单独使用卤系阻燃剂DBDPO／CPE燃烧时有大量的黑烟，并伴有熔滴，不能达到很好的效果。有机硅化合物是Mg（OH）₂的有效阻燃增效剂，红磷对LDPE／Mg（OH）₂／有机硅的阻燃有较好协同效应。在LDPE／Mg（OH）₂以60／40混合的基础上，加入有机硅、红磷、硬脂酸镁各5份，此配方的氧指数达到了33，满足了阻燃要求。同时，体系的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率保持了较高的水平。研究了阻燃、抗静电剂存在下的发泡工艺。基体树脂选用低密度聚乙烯树脂，发泡剂选用偶氮二甲酰胺，过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）作交联剂，ZnO与Zn（St）₂作发泡助剂。当模压温度170℃，压力8MPa，保压时间12min的工艺条件下，AC发泡剂能彻底分解，发泡体密度变化较小，发泡体其他性能变化也较小。最后制得的抗静电阻燃聚乙烯泡沫体积电阻率低于10^O·m，氧指数大于30，邵氏硬度在20-40之间，密度为0.02-0.1g／cm³。Mg（OH）₂用量对LDPE泡沫塑料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度等影响不大，但体系密度、硬度随Mg（OH）₂用量的增加而上升，而伸长率，永久变形、冲击回弹率等性能随之下降。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the LDPE foam risen property, the fire-retardant property, the anti-static property and molding handicraft were investigated, have ascertained concrete material being allotted proportion set with material function relation. also, discussed polyethylene foam material anti-static mechanism and fire-retardant mechanism.Adopt SN and ASA2 be antistatic agent, studied an impact of two kinds antistat agent over polyethylene foam material volume electric resistance.. Discover antistat dosages, the ambient temperature and humidity city weighing to ultimate volume of foam material electric resistance. Use ASA2 type into foam surface produced antistatic polyethylene foam, when antistatic liquid thickness greater than 8% o’clock, Foam volume electric resistance is lowered to 10⁶O·m Strengthen the color agent adding be able to bear water scrubbing and friction and antistatic durability having improved the foam surface...Study the formula having deduced the experience betweenρ_v and antistat thickness:ρ_v =（1+1/C₂）k/C₁..Study DBDPO, CPE, Sb₂O₃, Mg （OH）₂ to be burning agent affect fire-retardant function effect to PE foam material., The usage thick gravy department alone fire-retardant agent DBDPO/CPE, burn the black cigarette having a great quantity occasionally, And the partner has a molten drop, can not reach very good effect. The organic silicon compound is Mg （OH）₂’s effective fire-retardant a synergist, The red phosphorus burns to LDPE/Mg （OH）₂/organosilicon fire-retardant having the fairly good coordination effect. The basis that blends in LDPE/Mg （OH）₂ with 60/40 is upper, add organosilicon , red phosphorus , stearic acid magnesium every 5 share, This formula oxygen exponent has reached 33, satisfied fire-retardant a request. Also, level that system hot strength and tearing elongation rate have kept comparatively highly..Study the foam handicraft existing in fire-retardant agent and anti-static agent. Base body resin selects and uses low-density polyvinyl resin, The vesicant is selected and used AC, DCP to be Cross-linked agent, ZnO and Zn （st）₂ to be foaming assistant agent. When the mould pressing temperature 170℃, pressure under 8 MPa, dwell time 12 mins technological conditions. AC can decompose completely, foaming body density change is less, foaming body function change is other also less. The anti-static electricity making finally is polyethylene foam volume resistivity being lower than 10⁷O·m, Oxygen exponent greater than 30, Shao hardness is in 20-40 between, density is 0.02-0.1 g/cm³. The dosage Mg（OH）₂ effect such as stretching an intensity, tearing an intensity apart to LDPE bipeltate are not big, But, system density, the hardness with Mg（OH）₂ dosage increasing by rise. elongation rate , permanent functions such as deformable, pounding springback rate come down with that rising更多还原