【作者】 周荣；

【导师】 秦礼君；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 日语语言文学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 因为中国和日本的持续交流，现在中国社会中常常可以看到从日语来的借用词，而其中又以借形词为数最多。本论文主要研究日语借用词，对其中的日语借形词特别加以阐述。文章开头，详细解释了借用词的定义及特点．关于借用词的定义，笔者分别引用前人和工具书的观点，得出如下结论：借用词的概念目前还有各种各样的争议，但总的来说有广义的和狭义的两种，广义的概念包括借形词、借义词、借音词，而狭义的只包括借音词。本文采用了广义的概念，关于借用词的特点，笔者分别从来源、构成方法、意思分类三个方面加以陈述。另外，日语借形词的数量在借用词中所占的比例很高，同时，虽然从别国来的借形词也有，但日语借形词相对所占的比重是最高的。本文从日语借形词的角度进行了分析和研究。借用词的动机，笔者认为应该从两个方面理解，一个是因为自己国家没有这个词汇，为了表达这个意思而借用的，另一种是虽然自己国家已经有了，但是因为羡慕别国先进文化而借用的。日语借形词的借用动机，当然也是如此。笔者根据日语借形词的借用动机把日语借形词分为两类，就是汉语中没有可以替换的单词的借形词和汉语中有替换的单词的借形词两类。最后笔者结合日语借形词在国内被使用的情况，又将日语借形词分为ABCD四类，并且提出了每一类借形词应该采用什么措施。A类并存借形词、B类绝对借形词、C类未熟借形语、D类引用借形语。A类和B类的借形语笔者认为都可以可以在汉语中使用，但C类和D类笔者认为最好少用或不用。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a result of the communication between China and Japan, words borrowed from Japanese are more and more common in modern Chinese society, within which the most common are words with their forms borrowed from Japanese. This essay mainly explores words borrowed from Japanese with its emphasis on those with borrowed forms.At the beginning of this thesis are the definition and features of words borrowed from Japanese. Based on other researchers’ opinions and those found in dictionaries, I came to the following conclusions: until recently, the concept of the borrowed words still has invited many controversies. Generally speaking, however, there are two kinds of definitions, one in a broad sense, the other in a narrow sense. The concept in its broad sense refers to form-borrowed words, meaning-borrowed words and sound-borrowed words, while the concept in its narrow words only includes sound-borrowed words. The present paper explores the concept in broad sense. As to the features of borrowed words, the paper explores them in three aspects—the source, structure and meaning.In addition, form-borrowed words from Japanese are the greatest in number in the borrowed words. Although there are also many words borrowed from other languages, they are not as significant in number as those borrowed from Japanese. The present paper studies form-borrowed words from Japanese and makes a detailed analysis of them.The reason for the existence of borrowed words can be understood in two aspects, one is that there is no word available in a language to express a certain meaning and consequently this language has to borrow the word directly from another language to express such a meaning, the other explanation is that although there is a word to express the meaning, the word from another language is still borrowed into use because of the belief that the borrowed word is from a better culture. Form-borrowed words from Japanese are also with these two reasons. According to the reasons of various form-borrowed words, they can be classified into two categories, those without a substitution character in Chinese and those with a substation.At the end of this essay, taking into consideration of the use of form-borrowed word from Japanese in China, the writer argues that the analysis of the form-borrowed words should be carried out after categorizing them, since different methods of analysis are required to deal with different categories. The writer categorizes form-borrowed words as the following: co-exist form-borrowed words, absolute form-borrowed words, immature form-borrowed words and quoted form-borrowed words. The first two categories can both be used in Chinese while the last two categories should be used as less as possible. After the categorization, analysis of these four categories is made and different approaches to them are also suggested in this study.更多还原