【作者】 郭红霞；

【导师】 朱丹；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 护理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 研究目的：1．探讨护理本科生“护理学基础”技能评价指标体系的主要构成要素。2．构建护理本科生“护理学基础”技能评价指标体系，为学校及用人单位考评护理本科生技能水平提供评价依据。方法：通过文献资料法、理论分析法，探讨构建护理本科生“护理学基础”技能评价指标体系的依据、基本原则和方法；在分析本科生“护理学基础”技能主要构成要素及内涵的基础上，初步拟订评价指标体系的基本框架。采用德尔斐法(Delphi Method)，聘请专家，对初拟评价体系进行咨询论证，依据咨询结果确定指标体系。结果：1．根据专家选择条件确立专家组，通过对专家基本情况的定性分析(专业相关性、年龄结构层次、职称职务等)以及对专家组权威程度的定量分析(专家群体权威系数为0.909)，结果表明专家组具有较好的代表性、层次性和权威性。2．三轮专家咨询问卷回收率均为100％，专家对本研究有较高的积极性；三轮专家咨询中提出建设性意见的专家比例分别为：69％(9／13)、69％(9／13)、8％(1／13)。3．经过三轮咨询，100％专家(n=13)认可4项指标作为一级指标，专家组对一级指标权重值的意见协调集中(变异系数在0％～16％)，协调系数经显著性检验P＜0.05。4．经过三轮咨询，大于92％比例的专家(n=13)认可10项指标作为二级指标，有一项二级指标的专家认可率为85％(n=13)，依据相关统计学原理，专家咨询意见的认可率≥70％为可接受信度。专家组对二级指标权重值的意见协调集中(变异系数在0-47％之间，协调系数经显著性检验P＜0.05)。依据三轮专家修订意见，可确立二级指标及内涵。研究结论：1．经过专家论证，构建出包含4项一级指标、11项二级指标及相应权重的本科生“护理学基础”技能评价指标体系。从专家积极性、权威性及专家意见的集中程度、协调性等方面分析，依据专家咨询结果确立的指标体系是可靠的，可为我国护理本科生“护理学基础”技能评价提供依据。2．创建的本科生“护理学基础”技能评价指标体系，体现了全面性、继承性与动态性、客观性的特征，新建指标将职业形象、职业态度、职业道德、个体心理素质与技能评价有机的融为了一体。指标内容及各指标的权重分布，符合总体人才培养目标要求及我国高等护理教育的特点，指标体系具有较好的导向性、实用性。进一步研究的问题：1．选择科学的评价方法对指标体系进行大规模实证研究，对指标体系进行评价、修订与完善。2．对本指标体系不能包含的“护理学基础”技能做进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives:1. To probe into the main elements of nursing baccalaureate’s operative skills in fundamental nursing.2. To construct a set of scientific and systemic evaluation indictors system of nursing baccalaureate’s operative skills in fundamental nursing, which could provide the basis for the practicing .Method:Through the review study and theory study, the basics and principles of building up the evaluation indictors system of nursing baccalaureate’s operative skills in fundamental nursing were first discussed. Secondly, the basic framework of the indictors system was set up on the base of analyzing elements, contents, etc.of operative skills in fundamental nursing for nursing baccalaureates. Appling for Delphi method to consult experts on indictors items, weights intensions , indictors coverage etc, 13 experts in domains of nursing manage, nursing educate, and clinical nursing teacher all over the country were invited to complete three rounds consults. The indictors system was set up after analyzing dependability to experts’ consulting suggestions. Result: 1. The experts were chosen according as the drafted conditions. The qualitative analysis of experts’ basic situations (specialty correlating, age structure, post and technical title, etc.) and the quantitative analysis to expert’s authority showed that the expert group had good authoritativeness and representative.2. The questionnaires of the three rounds of consultation were collected 100%, and experts demonstrated enthusiasm for the subject. 69%, 69%, and 8% of experts gave suggestions and comments in the three rounds of consultations respectively.3. After the three rounds of consultation, 100% of the experts agreed on four indicators as the first class. And the experts’ suggestions of each indictor weight was gradually centralized (coefficients of variation of suggestions is between 0%～16%, and the test of the coordinate coefficient, P<0.05.)4. After the three rounds of consultation , 92% of the experts agreed on ten indicators as the second class, with one indicator approved by 85% of experts. According to correlative Statistics, a coherence of more than 70% were considered to be valid. Each indictor weight was centralized gradually (coefficients of variation of experts’suggestions is between 0-47%, and the test of the coordinate coefficient, P<0.05). According to the expert opinions, the intensions of each of second glass indictors were revised correspondingly.Conclusion:1. A set of the evaluation indictors system of nursing baccalaureate’s operative skills in fundamental nursing was set up, which was composed of two degrees of indictors, four first class indicators and their weights, eleven second class indicators and their weights, the indicator’ intensions. The analysis of the coefficient of esperts’ enthusiasm, the extent of authority, the concentration and harmonization of experts’ opinion, etc. show that the indicator system is reliable, and its establishiment has provided a reference basis for the evaluation .2. The indictors system well embodies the characteristics of succession, dynamic, hierarchy, professionalism, and objectivit. The new indicators system integrate professional images, professional attitudes, professional ethics, and individual mentality with the evaluation of operative skills. The contents of the indicators and their weigh coincide with the objectives of our higher nursing education. The indicators system is well-directed and practical.Suggestion for further study:1. A larger scale of test is needed in order to appraise its effectiveness, and to further revise and perfect the system .2. A further study is needed to investigate the skills which are not included in this indicators system.更多还原