【作者】 张秀雷；

【导师】 李静；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 动物学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 四川嘛咪泽自然保护区地处四川省南部，位于世界25个生物多样性丰富的热点地区的中国中南山地地区，该地区物种丰富，对于全球生物多样性保护具有重要意义，是世界各个保护组织共同关注的热点区域。研究区域又是大熊猫分布的最南端，该保护区内曾进行过三次全国大熊猫分布及栖息地调查，但鸟类方面资料欠缺，限制了保护区的保护成效。通过本项目的研究，得出此保护区鸟类的种类组成、多样性水平、鸟类群落的空间分布格局、影响鸟类多样性的主要生境因子，为保护区的保护和研究提供了基础数据，同时对保护区未来的鸟类监测和生态系统管理提供依据。2006年4月—5月采用样点计数法对四川嘛咪泽自然保护区内的鸟类群落结构和生境相关性进行了调查，调查区域划分为3类生境：原始林、次生林和人工林。主要的调查结果如下：(1)共记录到鸟类286种(含文献资料)，隶属于17目52科，以雀型目为主。其中留鸟178种，夏候鸟47种，冬候鸟48种，旅鸟13种；国家重点保护鸟类22种，中国特有种20种；鸟类区系以东洋界成分为主。(2)人工林和次生林生境间的鸟类群落相似性指数最高，为0．82，灌丛草地和原始林之间鸟类群落相似性最低，为0．27。(3)次生林鸟类多样性指数最高，为3．378，灌丛草地最低，为2．927。(4)选取12个生境因子对四种生境进行分析，结果表明：灌丛草地典型特征是草本盖度最大，达到了96．83％；原始林树木平均胸径最大，大于50cm胸径的树木数量最多，冠层平均高度最大，林下竹林层盖度仅次于次生林。次生林林下竹林层盖度最大，草本盖度仅次于灌丛草地。人工林典型特征为13到50cm胸径树木数量最多。本次调查中，人工林与次生林在调查中有交差，两种生境调查数据最为接近。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study area belong to one of 25 the world biodiversity hotspot area, and has great contribution to the global bildiversity conservation. Three times surveys distribution and habitat of giant panda has been conducted in Mamize Nature Reserve locating in the southest of the giant panda distributing area. However, the data on the composition of bird is very poor in this area. Thus the conservation effect of the Nature reserve.is limited. According to this study, the writer aims to acquire the bird species composition, the bird diversity level, the bird community spatial pattern and the habitat key. So the study result can provide the basic data for the Nature Reserve conservation and further study, and provide the basis for the Nature Reserve future bird monitoring and biogeocenose management.The bird community composition and habitat association of Mamize Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province was surveyed during April-May 2006 using point transects survey method. Surveys were conducted in four broad habitat types: primary forest, secondary forest, shrub meadow, and replanted forest. The results suggest that:(1) In total, 286 species were recorded (literature included), belonging to 52 families and 17 orders. Among the 286 species, 178 species were residents, 95 species were migrants which consists of 47 summer migrants, 48 winter migrants, 13 passing birds. Concerning their preciousness, 22 species were the nationally protected birds, 20 species were endemic to China. According to the avifauna, most species belonged to the Oriental species.(2)The highest similarity of the bird community is the replanted forest and the shrub meadow, it is 0.82. And the lowest is the shrub meadow and the primary forest, it is 0.27.(3)The highest bird diversity is the secondary forest, it is 3.378. And the lowest is the shrub meadow, it is 2.927. (4) The analysis about the habitat use 12 habitat factors.The result suggest that: The shrub meadow has the highest herb coverage degree of 96.83%. The primary forest have the most number of trees more than 50cm DBH. The canopy of the primary forest is the biggest.The secondary forest have the highest bamboo coverage degree. The primary forest have the most number of trees during 13cm to 50cm DBH. During the survey ,the replanted forest and the secondary forest have the crossovers, so they have many similar habitat factor data.更多还原