【作者】 黄爽；

【导师】 马士华；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 供应链是由多个企业组成的一种动态联盟,其中每一个企业都有自己的行为动机。同时,供应链也是由各个企业在一定时期内基于一定的共同目标、利益而结成的组织。为了反映供应链中上、下游之间的供需关系,有效地控制和协调供需双方之间的物流、信息流和资金流,促使双方更好地开展合作,避免“双重边际效应”,就形成了供应契约的相关研究。本文在前人的研究基础上,总结了供应契约的价值,指出应用合适的供应契约,不但能够增加供应链的整体利润,降低供应链的库存水平和总成本,实现供应链的协调;还可以改善节点企业的相互交流,实现利润共享和风险共担,维持企业之间长期、稳固的战略合作关系,从而产生更大竞争的优势。随后,本文以一种特殊的契约形式——数量柔性契约作为研究对象,探讨了数量柔性契约的发展、形成以及意义。为了在新的市场竞争中获得优势,时间战略无疑是供应链运作中不可忽视的一环,也是供应链优势的重要体现。能否快速响应客户需求,是企业在激烈的市场竞争中赢得客户的关键因素之一。因此,将供应契约与时间因素的影响结合起来,是非常必要的。契约的设计只有与特定的供应链类型相适应,才能够有针对地提高供应链整体绩效,所以本文以响应型供应链为背景,进一步探讨了带有时间影响的数量柔性契约模型,并通过算例分析,指出使用这种模型能够增加供应链整体利润,实现帕累托优化,并协调供应链,具有极高的现实价值和管理意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 While being a dynamic alliance involving multiple corporations which all have their own behavior purposes, supply chain is also an organization trying to reach a mutual target or pursue the profit maximization during a certain period. In order to reflect the buying pattern between the upstream and downstream members in the supply chain, and to avoid double marginalization, the advent of researches on supply contract has become a necessity.Based on relevant researches, this paper summarizes the fundamental value of supply contract, pointing out that adopting a suitable supply contract could not only increase the overall channel profit, reduce the stocking level and total cost of the supply chain, but it could also realize the channel coordination, share revenues, decentralize risks, and maintain long-term strategic partnerships.Then, the origin, development and significance of a particular type of supply contract, quantity flexibility contract have been discussed in detail.It has been widely accepted that time is one of the most crucial elements to achieve utter advantages in the competition. Making a response to customer needs as quickly as possible is one of the key factors to win customers in furious market competitions. Therefore, it is of a great necessity to combine supply contract and time influence together.Only when the type of supply contract matches the requirements of specific supply chain, can the overall channel performance be enhanced effectively. Therefore, responsive supply chain is adopted as the background to further analyze a quantity flexibility contract model with time influence. This model has great practical importance and management insights since it can increase overall channel profits, realize Pareto improvement and therefore coordinate the whole supply chain. An arithmetical example is also provided to validate the conclusions.更多还原