【作者】 马承荣；

【导师】 肖波；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人类对能源的需求越来越大和化石燃料的日益减少,寻找能可持续利用的新能源成为一项关键任务。生物质能作为一种可再生能源,已经受到世界各国的重视,研究开发利用生物质已经成为世界各国的一项重要任务。生物质要成为煤、石油和天然气等矿物燃料的替代品,其关键之处就是将低品位的生物质能转换成高品位的能源。氢气是清洁能源,将在未来的能源结构中起重要作用。而生物质又是氢的载体,利用生物质热转化技术制取富氢燃气是一种先进的生物质能转换方式,对于能源的可持续利用和环境保护具有重要意义。本文将普遍的生物质(梧桐树叶)破碎成粉体,对其进行工业组成、元素组成和热值分析,得出了梧桐树叶的化学表征式: CH1.4O0.6,对于了解生物质粉体的某些特性起到了一定的作用。突破传统的工艺方法,提出将生物质气化过程和催化裂解过程整合于一个反应炉中进行,对生物质粉体水蒸气催化气化制取富氢燃气的特性进了一系列实验研究。考察了一些主要参数变量,如温度(700℃～900℃)、生物质粉体粒径(﹤1mm)、水蒸气/生物质比(0～2.67)、水蒸气压力(0.02MPa～0.08MPa)以及白云石等对气化结果的影响。在实验研究的条件范围内,生物质产气中氢含量最大为52.47%,产氢率在0.12m3/kg～0.90m3/kg范围内变化,产气率在0.59m3/kg～1.72m3/kg范围内变化,产气低位热值在8795kJ/m3～21112kJ/m3范围内变化。实验结果表明:较高的温度有利于氢的产出,但温度过高会使气体热值下降;生物质粉体粒径的大小对产气组分的分布和产气率均有影响;水蒸气的加入使生物质气化产氢率和产气率显著提高,但水蒸气加入量过多使温度下降,产氢率、产气率和产气热值降低;白云石的加入可以使产品气中氢含量提高10%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the more demand for energy and the less fossil fuel they become, finding a new energy that can be used persistently is to be the key mission for us today. Biomass Energy as renewable energy has been paid more attention in the countries all over the world. To study, exploit and utilize the biomass energy has become an important task for all the countries in the world, too.The key question is converting biomass energy to the better status of energy if biomass will become the substitute for mineral fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas. As a clean energy, hydrogen will perform an important function in the energy structural in the future. Biomass, as the carrier of hydrogen, could be made use of for hydrogen rich gas production by thermochemistry conversion, which is a kind of advanced technology. With this method, sustainable utilization of biomass could be achieved, which is beneficial to the environmental protection.In this dissertation, the ordinary biomass, such as phoenix leaves, was comminuted into powder. The structural formula of phoenix leaves was indicated and the certain characteristics of biomass power were obtained through analyzing the proximate and ultimate component. A novel technology was adopted, which integrates steam gasification with catalytic gasification in one reactor. The characteristics of biomass powder steam catalytic gasification for hydrogen rich gas production were studied in a series of experiments.The effects of reactor temperature (700℃～900℃), the size of biomass powder particle (﹤1mm), the ratio of steam to biomass (0～2.67), steam pressure and dolomite on gas composition, hydrogen yield, gas yield, steam decomposition and lower heat value of fuel gas were investigated. Under the experimental conditions examined, the maximal volume of hydrogen reaches to 52.47%, hydrogen yield ranges between 0.12m3/kg and 0.90m3/kg biomass, the fuel gas yield ranges between 0.59m3/kg and 1.72m3/kg biomass and the lower heat value of fuel gas ranges between 8795 kJ/m3 and 21112kJ/m3. The results show that higher temperature contributes to more hydrogen production, but lower heat value of fuel gas. The size of biomass powder particle also has influenced gas composition and gas yield. The introduction of steam improves gas quality, but excessive steam will lower gasification temperature and degrade fuel gas quality. The volume of hydrogen can be increased over 10% through the use of dolomite.更多还原