【作者】 李燕飞；

【导师】 梁收运； 王旭东；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 地质工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 山西介休后土庙是一处国家级文物保护单位，保存有自明清以来的一千余身彩塑，具有较高的历史价值、艺术价值和科学价值。受自然环境等因素的影响，现存的七百余身塑像都不同程度的出现了各种病害，尤以地仗酥碱最为严重，甚至是毁灭性的。自1993年搬迁至文物库房后，这种病害还在继续，对这些彩塑的保护迫在眉睫。论文在现状调查的基础上，在室内进行病害机理的研究。针对彩塑的现存病害，分析了彩塑病害产生的机理与制作材料和保存环境的关系。室内对彩塑制作材料的分析结果表明，彩塑的地仗中易溶盐含量较高，结合塑像的保存环境，认为环境污染是易溶盐的主要来源之一，环境中温湿度的变化是诱发易溶盐的反复溶解和结晶，导致酥碱病害产生的主要原因。在修复材料的室内筛选阶段，按照对修复材料筛选的原则，在室内进行修复材料的筛选实验，对预选的三种浓度的五种修复加固材料的物理力学性能进行测试，主要是修复材料的渗透性、加固后试块的收缩性能、透气性、抗折抗压性能以及耐老化性能等。通过以上研究，筛选出各项性能表现较好的明胶和聚醋酸乙烯乳液作为后土庙彩塑的修复加固材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Houtu Temple is located in Jiexiu Shanxi province, which is a national historical heritage and conservation site. There are more than 1,000 Color-painted sculptures from Ming and Qing Dynasty, occupying high historical, artistic and scientific value. Caused by the natural environment and other factors, more than 700 current statues have occurred many deteriorations, and the disruption of plaster is the most serious problem, even can be destructive. Since 1993, these sculptures have been stored in Heritage Treasury, but the deteriorations were stiu on-going. Therefore, it’s very urgent to treat the status.Basing on the current condition investigation, we made an analysis of deterioration mechanism in lab. Focus on the deterioration of color-painted sculpture, this paper studied the relationship between mechanism of deterioration, original materials and environment, the results of original materials analysis proved that a great amount of soluble salts existed in the plaster of status concerned with preserved condition of sculptures, we thought the environmental contamination was one of the main sources for soluble salts. The alteration of temperature and humidity was a big reason to cause the disruption because of being dissolved and crystallized of soluble salts repeatedly. In the stage of selecting repair materials in lab, we studied the mechanism of deterioration, on the basis of current deterioration of sculptures, we have tested different physical and mechanical properties of three concentrations of five prepared consolidants in permeability, contraction performance, breathability, flexural and compressive properties and anti-aging properities. As a result, the gelatin and polyvinyl acetate emulsion which have better performance possibility and work properties were chosen as consolidants for treating the sculptures.更多还原