【作者】 乔巍；

【导师】 孟聪龄；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 建筑技术科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在几千年的历史进程中，村镇和城市一样经历了巨大的变革和演进，其内部经济结构和社会结构的变革，以及人们从生活方式到价值观念的变化，先进的技术及其产物和某些仍然存留着的旧的观念和习俗并存，是今天村镇的普遍现实。人类对生存和生态环境质量的更高需求，要求广大村镇的生活生产条件也相应改变。其中，做好村镇规划与村镇住宅的设计是完成这个历史任务的关键。地处黄土高原的山西，尽管有着悠久的历史，深厚的传统文化底蕴，极富特色的村镇住宅和民俗风情。但经济水平仍然处于相对较低的状况，部分农村的情况更是不容乐观，村镇建设用地盲目无序，资源浪费和环境污染问题严重，配套的基础设施不完善等问题比较突出。因此，对山西村镇的功能组合、环境构成、公共设施等方面的综合研究是很有必要的，本课题即以此为研究内容，旨在对山西村镇住宅的外空间环境情况有一定深度的了解并提出一套具有科学性、合理性的符合地域特色的村镇建设理论。在对山西多个村镇进行调查的基础上，笔者分别从总体规划和建筑布局、基础设施、人文和自然环境等方面总结其中存在的问题，并探讨了村镇住宅建筑设计理念和提出村镇住宅建筑外部空间环境的评价体系。其中，村镇规划应改变布局分散、公共建筑和设施不足、村镇住宅建设杂乱等不良现状，遵循村镇发展规律，考虑村镇建设发展格局，尊重村镇的实际和特点，坚持科学规划、合理布局的原则，编制统一协调的村镇发展规划；基础设施建设目前还严重不足，要按照有利生产、方便生活的原则，重点引导农民搞好与住房建设配套的道路、供水、供电、电信、能源等生产生活设施建设；改善居住与生活环境，提供绿化、净化、美化的发展空间，强调人与环境的和谐，保护古树名木和有价值的历史文化遗迹，重视生态环境建设和保护，大力建设公共绿地、居住区绿地，努力提高村镇绿地和森林覆盖率，实行田、林、路、河、住房、供水、排污等综合治理，逐步完善配套环保设施，切实解决人口、资源、环境的协调发展问题。村镇的建设与城市一样应该讲求科学性和合理性，现代化的村镇建设应在保留传统文化特色和历史遗存的基础上，在与自然和谐共存的基础上，用科学的，可持续发展的理论作指导，使农村的建设体系与现代新技术、新材料、新设备有机结合，发展成为更适宜人居的新型农村。更多还原

【Abstract】 In several thousand years, the village experienced enormously reform and evolve just like city, it’ s internal reform of economic construction and society construction, and people’ s variety from life style to value idea, the facts that advanced technique and its outcome are kept with the old concept of value and custom are widespread today. The higher demand that human to existence and the ecosystem environment quality, request the changes of living and production in village. Among them, completing the village program and residential design is the key to this historic mission. The economic level of Shanxi which in loess plateau is still lower than others, though there are long history, deep traditional culture, much characteristic of village residence and folk feeling in Shanxi. Some of the villages are even worse, the problems of the construction blindly in village development, waste of the resources and pollution of the environment, the lack of foundational facilities are serious. Therefore, the research to the function combination, the environment constitution and the public facilities in Shanxi villages is necessary; this issue is based on the above contents, aiming at realizing the outside space of residence in Shanxi village and putting forward a set of scientific and reasonable theory in village development which accord with regional feature.On the base of investigating several villages in Shanxi, the writer summed up the problems existed from general program and construction layout, foundational facilities, humanities and natural environment and so on, inquired the village residential building design and put forward the evaluation system of exterior environment space of the village residence. In which , the village programming should change the present condition of layout scattered, the shortage of public buildings and facilities ,village residence constructed disorderly and so on , to devise an uniform and harmonious village development program in following the village development regulation, considering village development structure, respecting to actual characteristics of the village, insisting in the principle of scientific design and reasonable layout; Now, infrastructure construction is seriously insufficient , According to the principle of benefiting to production and living, we should lead the farmers to do well the production and living construction matching to the roads, the water supply, the power supply, telecommunication and energy, etc;To improve the residential and living environment, provide the space of green , purifying and beautification, emphasize the harmony between people and the environment, protect the ancient trees and the worthy historical traces, value the development and protection of ecosystem environment, strongly develop the green areas in public or personal to increase the village coverage rate of forest and green, synthetically manage the farmland, woods, road, river, housing , water supply, dirty discharge etc, gradually perfect environmental protection facilities, solve the problem of the coordinational development with population, resources and environment.Development of the village just like city also should be scientific and rational, modern village development should on the base of reserving the traditional culture and the historical traces, in harmonizing with nature, use scientific theories of the sustained development as instruction, to make the construction system of the village combine with new techniques, new materials, new equipments organically and develop to the new village that become more suitable to reside.更多还原