【作者】 徐捷；

【导师】 欧阳宏生；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 新闻学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 电视发展到一定阶段，声音问题终究要摆在理论研究者和创作人员面前，因为听觉文本是电视符号语言的重要组成部分。本论文从目前普遍受到关注的电视纪实节目入手，结合符号学、美学、传播学等多个学科的理论，试图对听觉文本在纪实类节目中的作用和功能进行全面地梳理和分析。本论文共分为四个章节。首先，从电视符号的角度，分析听觉文本的三部分构成：人声、音乐和音响。在综合前人研究基础上，本论文提出听觉文本具有双重品格的真实性、一体化的声画结构、情境化的叙事观念等特征，并在纪实类电视中具有很强的写意功效，具有表达情感上独到的优势，具有调节节奏的独特功效。接下来，分别论述人声、音乐和音响在电视纪实类节目中的功能和作用。本文从电视叙事视角的纬度对人声进行了分类，并认为人声具有直接即时性、“副言语”属性和思辨性，在现实实践中，发挥着提高时效、补充事实、表现冲突、抒发情感的作用。本论文同样对人声的运用策略作了分析。电视音乐依附于一定的电视主题、一定的画面形式而存在，有标版音乐与正文音乐、原著音乐与非原著音乐等多种划分形式，它在纪实类节目中具有衬底、转场的作用，而且能够强化电视节目的叙事，给观众带来独特的视听感受。本论文还从音乐与画面关系、音乐与节奏等角度，对音乐在纪实类节目中的具体应用策略进一步进行了分析。音响是听觉文本的另外一个重要组成，与音乐等共同作用，使电视纪实节目突破了“伟大的哑巴”阶段，而且与音乐共振构成了纪实节目的意义场。从音响作为纪实节目的构成看，它在纪实类节目中具有信息功能、叙事功能与转场功能；从音响作为纪实节目的审美对象看，它可以强化节目节奏、环境氛围和剧作结构，突出形式美，具备移情功能，并扩展了画面空间表现的深度和广度，使空间表现多元化。为了避免“无效音响”，本论文针对性地分别提出了采集和编辑的一些具体应用策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of TV, the matter of "sound" has to be presented to the theoretical research workers and creators, since "ear text" is an important part of TV Semiotic language. Started with the TV documentation program which arouses people’s general concern, this thesis tries to regulate and analyze the role and function of "ear text" in the TV documentation program in regard with theories in such subjects as semeiology, aesthetics, communication theory and so on.The thesis can be divided into four parts. The first part is to analyze the human voices, music and acoustics which constitute the ear text from the prospective of TV symbols. On the basis of synthesizing others’ research, this thesis advances the ear text has the characteristics of authenticity of dual character, the integration of sound structure, situation of narrative concept and so on. Ear text is of strongly enjoyable function and has the advantages of expressing feelings with another unique function of regulating rhythms in the TV documentation program.Next, the author discusses the roles and functions of the human voices, music and acoustics in the TV documentation program. Human voices are categorized from the perspective of TV narration, and are thought to be of direct immediacy, "vice-language" attribute and speculation. In fact, in the real practice, human voices play the role of improving efficiency, supplementing facts, showing conflicts and expressing emotions. And then the author analyses the strategy of employment of the human voices. The TV music exists, depending on certain TV themes and picture forms, in the form of attributable music and text music, original music and non- original music. TV music has the lining and shifting function and can strengthen narration of the programs which can bring the audiences the special seeing and hearing feelings. This thesis also analyzes utilization strategies of music in the documentation programs from the perspectives of the relations between music and pictures as well as music and rhythm.Acoustics is another important part of ear text. Combined with music, they make the TV documentation program out of the stage of "great dummy" and constitute the meaningful field of the TV documentation programs. As constituting part of the TV documentation programs, Acoustics has the informative, narrative and shifting functions; as the appreciation object, it can strengthen the rhythm of the program, the atmosphere of the circumstances and the structure of the program, stress the beauty of the form, enlarge and deepen the picture space, and all these make the diversification of performance space. To avoid the "ineffective acoustics", the thesis brings forward some specific utilized strategies on how to collect and edit respectively.更多还原