【作者】 杨晔；

【导师】 王耀辉；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 对文学研究趋势的认定是使文学批评更加科学化的内在要求。在“理论的批评化”和“批评的理论化”的争论中，认为批评实践更需要从传统文学理论的失语背景上加以提倡，是“批评化”这一趋势认定的最初原因。研究者出于对批评的偏重，提倡“理论的批评化”；而“批评的理论化”则是指研究者对具体批评中引申出的理论问题更加重视。实用批评和理论批评的偏重问题深化为对文学批评和文学理论发展趋势的理解问题。当“批评理论”作为“批评化”和“理论化”的争论核心时，对文学批评的探讨就涉及到应该如何评价文学理论和文学批评，“批评化”和“理论化”成为了对“批评理论”进行定位研究的运作方式。本文分别从批评理论的引入、“理论的批评化”和“批评的理论化”争论的阶段分析、从接受的角度看待批评理论、文学性和“审美意识形态”、从批评理论探讨“批评化”和“理论化”的意义等五个方面来分析这场争论，并补充背景，加以总结。本文认为，只有了解批评理论这一西方文学研究术语和现象，才能对这场“批评化”和“理论化”的争论进行阶段分析。批评理论既有中国化的背景，也取决于接受者的思维方式，这种接受角度由中国文艺界对文学性的界定来决定。基于此，“批评化”和“理论化”就不只是侧重于实用批评或理论批评的问题，更是对文本研究对象的界定问题。只有扩大批评对象，把所有的社会文本纳入文学批评中，才能对批评理论进行恰当的定位，并深入理解“理论的批评化”和“批评的理论化”两种主张。针对“理论的批评化”和“批评的理论化”，本文探讨了如下问题：第一，为什么社会文本的批评化运作能够得以实现；第二，摆脱批评的文学感受能否实现的问题；第三，对“批评化”和“理论化”的“游戏”特征的分析。以上分析区分了文学存在方式和批评存在方式，并把社会文本和文学文本纳入到“批评化”和“理论化”的范畴，明确批评与文学所要表达内容的差异，指出作为自我建构的批评理论，是以“批评化”和“理论化”的方式来实现的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The assurance of literature research tendency is always carries on by the sciencemanner, in the argument of "the criticism " and "the theorization", the critics give "thecriticism" because they think the literary criticism should stress the criticism practice.On the other hand, the suspicion of the literature theory authority causes the critics tochoose this kind of stress. In view of this point, some critics think "the criticism "just isrepel theory depth, and they expressed the retort to the two terminologies. This stage stilllimited in the question proposed. After that, the "critical theory" as a phenomenonbecame the center of the argument, involves how to appraises literature theory andliterary criticism, "the criticism " and "the theorization" as the operation way of "criticaltheory" enters the field of the argument.This article separately from the five aspects to analyze the argument: the discussionof critical theory, the stage analysis of the argument, the angle which accepts regards thecritical theory, literature and "esthetic ideology", and according to critical theory discussthe meaning of "the criticism" and "the theorization". These aspects since supplementedto this argument background, also is the related question involves to this argument. Inthis foundation, critical theory means China melts process and the receiver thinkingmode assurance, the conclusion comes from the analysis to the literature definition ofChinese literary and art circles. In summary, "the critical" and "the theorization" not onlymeans the stress of the practical criticism and the theory criticism, but also means the textresearch object limits question. Only had first expanded the criticism object, bought intoline with all social text to the literary criticism in, could carry on the appropriatelocalization to the critical theory, and the thoroughly understood "the critical" and "thetheorization" such two operation way.The analysis is the characteristics of "the criticism" and "the theorization". Firstly,why can the social text criticism operation be able to realize. Secondly, if the literaturefeels can be realized as get rid of the criticism. Finally, "the criticism" and "thetheorization" have the character of Gad r’s "game" characteristic. The analyses is carryon through the difference of the literature existence way and the criticism existence way.From this way, brings the social text and the literature text criticism into "the critical" and "the theorization" way. The criticism is exit by the theory explanation way and isdifferent from the literary. The realization of the critical theory construction is through"the criticism" and "the theorization".更多还原