【作者】 朱海滨；

【导师】 刘国顺；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 烟草学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 2006年在南阳烟区的6个主要植烟县选取了13个试验点,运用因子分析及典型相关分析方法研究了不同土壤生态条件下烤后不同部位烟叶中性致香物质含量与土壤理化特性、土壤微生物以及土壤酶活性的关系,结果如下:1.南阳烟区烤后烟叶中性致香物质含量状况的总体描述南阳烟区烤后烟叶中性致香物质中,苯丙氨酸类物质、棕色化产物、类西柏烷类降解产物含量以及中性致香物质总量(不含新植二烯)在部位之间的差异未达到显著水平,而类胡萝卜素类降解产物和新植二烯含量均是下部叶显著高于上部叶,而在下部叶与中部叶以及中部叶与上部叶之间无显著差异。各部位均是以类西柏烷类降解产物的变异系数最高,中性致香物质总量(不含新植二烯)的变异系数最低。2.南阳烟区土壤养分状况的总体描述南阳烟区土壤养分状况为,土壤速效养分除速效氮外变异系数均比较高,全磷的变异系数也较高,表征土壤物理特性的几个指标,包括土壤容重、土粒密度和土壤孔隙度的变异系数都比较低,说明南阳烟区土壤的物理性状整体差异不大。3.南阳烟区土壤理化特性与烤后烟叶中性致香物质含量的典型相关分析南阳烟区土壤理化特性与烤后烟叶中性致香物质的典型相关分析结果表明:(1)土粒密度与烤后上部烟叶2-异丙基-5-酮基己醛含量关系密切,反映出在一定范围内,随着土粒密度的增大,烤后上部烟叶2-异丙基-5-酮基己醛含量呈现增加的趋势。(2)土壤速效磷与烤后中部及下部烟叶2-异丙基-5-酮基己醛含量关系密切,反映出在一定范围内,随着土壤速效磷含量的提高,烤后中部及下部烟叶2-异丙基-5-酮基己醛含量呈现降低的趋势。(3)土壤活性碳、全碳和有机质含量以及土壤的疏松状况与烤后下部烟叶3,4-二甲基-2,5-呋喃二酮含量关系密切,反映出在一定范围内,随着土壤活性碳、全碳和有机质含量的提高和土壤紧密程度的增大,烤后下部烟叶3,4-二甲基-2,5-呋喃二酮含量呈现增加的趋势。4.南阳烟区土壤微生物量与烤后烟叶中性致香物质含量的典型相关分析南阳烟区土壤微生物量与烤后烟叶中性致香物质含量的典型相关分析结果表明:(1)土壤解磷细菌含量与烤后上部烟叶2-异丙基-5-酮基己醛和下部叶茄酮、4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚含量关系密切,反映出在一定范围内,随着土壤解磷细菌含量的提高,烤后上部烟叶2-异丙基-5-酮基己醛和下部叶茄酮含量呈现增加的趋势,而下部叶4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚含量则会呈现减少的趋势。(2)土壤芽孢杆菌含量与烤后中部烟叶茄酮和4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚含量关系密切,反映出在一定范围内,随着土壤芽孢杆菌含量的提高,烤后中部烟叶茄酮含量会呈现增加的趋势,而4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚含量则会呈现减少的趋势。(3)土壤纤维素分解菌含量与烤后中部烟叶类胡萝卜素类降解产物中的巨豆三烯酮的4个异构体、三羟基-β-二氢大马酮、β-大马酮、β-二氢紫罗兰酮以及新植二烯含量的关系密切,反映出在一定范围内,随着土壤纤维素分解菌含量的提高,烤后中部烟叶类胡萝卜素类降解产物中的巨豆三烯酮的4个异构体、三羟基-β-二氢大马酮、β-大马酮、β-二氢紫罗兰酮以及新植二烯含量会呈现增加的趋势。5.南阳烟区土壤酶活性与烤后烟叶中性致香物质含量的典型相关分析南阳烟区土壤酶活性与烤后烟叶中性致香物质含量的典型相关分析结果表明:(1)土壤淀粉酶活性与烤后上部烟叶茄酮、4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚和2-异丙基-5-酮基己醛含量关系密切,反映出在一定范围内,随着土壤淀粉酶活性的提高,烤后上部烟叶茄酮含量呈现降低的趋势,而4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚和2-异丙基-5-酮基己醛含量呈现增加的趋势。(2)土壤淀粉酶活性与烤后中部烟叶5-甲基-2-糠醛、6-甲基-2-庚酮、苯甲醇、苯乙醇、苯甲醛、β-紫罗兰酮和3-甲基-2-丁烯醛含量关系密切,反映出在一定范围内,随着土壤淀粉酶活性的提高,烤后中部烟叶5-甲基-2-糠醛、6-甲基-2-庚酮、苯甲醇、苯乙醇、苯甲醛、和β-紫罗兰酮含量呈现降低的趋势,而3-甲基-2-丁烯醛含量呈现增加的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 13 test sites were chosen from 6 main tobacco-growing counties in Nanyang city at 2006. The method of factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis were employed to study the relationships between neutral aroma components in different stalk positions of flue-cured tobacco leaves and soil physiochemical characteristics and microbes contents and enzymes activities in different soil ecology conditions. And the results were as following:1. Total description of contents of neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco leaves in Nanyang tobacco-growing areas.The contents of products degraded by phenylalanine, browning reaction substances, products degraded by cembrane and total contents of neutral aroma components except neophytadiene in flue-cured tobacco leaves had no distinct divergence in different stalk positions. The contents of products degraded by carotenoid and neophytadiene were distinctly higher in lower leaves than in upper leaves. The contents of them had no distinct divergence between lower leaves and cutters, and there were no distinct divergence between upper leaves and cutters. The coefficient of variation of products degraded by cembrane was the highest in all three stalk positions. And the coefficient of variation of total contents of neutral aroma components except neophytadiene was the least.2. Total description of soil nutrients in Nanyang tobacco-growing areas.The coefficients of soil available nutrients except available nitrogen and total phosphorus were much higher than the others. The coefficients of soil volume weight, density and porosity were much lower than the others. It shows that the soil physical characteristics had no distinct divergence in Nanyang tobacco-growing areas.3. The relationships between physiochemical characteristics of soil and total contents of neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco leaves in Nanyang tobacco-growing areas.Canonical correlation analysis was done on the relations between physiochemical characteristics of soil and total contents of neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco leaves in Nanyang tobacco-growing areas. The canonical correlation analysis showed that the soil density was highly positively correlated with the contents of 2-isopropyl-5-ketonhexanal in upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco. The contents of soil available phosphorus were highly negatively correlated with the contents of 2-isopropyl-5-ketonhexanal in lower leaves and cutters of flue-cured tobacco. The contents of soil active carbon, total organic carbon, organic matter and soil volume weight were highly positively correlated with the contents of 3,4-dimethyl-2,5-furandiketone in lower leaves of flue-cured tobacco. Contrarily the soil porosity was negatively correlated with the latter.4. The relationships between contents of soil microbes and total contents of neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco leaves in Nanyang tobacco-growing areas.Canonical correlation analysis was done on the relations between contents of soil microbes and total contents of neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco leaves in Nanyang tobacco-growing areas. The canonical correlation analysis showed that the contents of soil phosphobacteria were highly positively correlated with the contents of 2-isopropyl-5-ketonhexanal in upper leaves and solanone in lower leaves of flue-cured tobacco. Contrarily the former was negatively correlated with the contents of 4-yinyle-2-methoxyphenol in lower leaves of flue-cured tobacco. The contents of soil bacillus were highly positively correlated with the contents of solanone in cutters of flue-cured tobacco. Contrarily the former was negatively correlated with the contents of 4-yinyle-2-methoxyphenol in cutters of flue-cured tobacco. The contents of soil cellulolytic microbes were highly positively correlated with the contents of 4 diastereomers of megastigmatrienone, 3-hydroxyl-β-damascone,β-damascenone,β-dihydroionone and neophytadien in cutters of flue-cured tobacco.5. The relationships between activity of soil enzymes and total contents of neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco leaves in Nanyang tobacco-growing areas.Canonical correlation analysis was done on the relations between activity of soil enzymes and total contents of neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco leaves in Nanyang tobacco-growing areas. The canonical correlation analysis showed that the activity of soil amylase was highly positively correlated with the contents of 4-yinyle-2-methoxyphenol and 2-isopropyl-5-ketonhexanal in upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco. Contrarily the former was negatively correlated with the contents of solanone in upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco. The activity of soil amylase was highly negatively correlated with the contents of 5-methyl-2-furfural, 6-methyl-2-heptanone, benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, benzaldehyde andβ-ionone in cutters of flue-cured tobacco. Contrarily the former was positively correlated with the contents of 3-methyl-2-crononaldehyde in cutters of flue-cured tobacco.更多还原