【作者】 闫伟；

【导师】 白淑兰；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 林木遗传育种， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以大青山退化生态系统中能维持生存的油松(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.)、虎榛子(Ostryopsis davidiana Decne.)2树种根际土壤为研究对象,对其微生物分离条件、抑制剂选用,以及林分微生物区系作了系统研究。(1)在传统土壤微生物分离培养方法的基础上,通过正交试验和单因素试验分别对影响土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌分离效果的几个重要因素作了探索性研究,并确立了根际土壤细菌、真菌及放线菌最佳分离条件组合。细菌分离条件的最佳组合是土壤浸液与牛肉膏蛋白胨融合培养基+大玻璃珠(Φ=5~7mm,55粒)+摇床振荡(160rad·min-1)90min;真菌分离条件的最佳组合是马丁氏培养基+大玻璃珠+1%胆酸钠+摇床振荡(160rad·min-1)60min;放线菌分离培养条件的最佳组合是常温下土壤浸提液与高氏营养成分融合培养基+大玻璃珠+1%焦磷酸钠+摇床振荡(160rad·min-1)60min。(2)实验证明孟加拉红作为根际土壤真菌分离的抑制剂时,其分离效果并不理想,阿米卡星霉素是分离真菌的一种更为理想的抑制剂,既能很好的抑制细菌的生长又不影响真菌分离效果,实验确立了其最适浓度为0.1ml·L-1。浓度为10mg·L-1的重铬酸钾是根际土壤放线菌分离时杂菌的最好抑制剂,但高浓度的重铬酸钾对放线菌也有一定的抑制作用,浓度达到60mg·L-1时,分离放线菌数量明显减少,所以,选用重铬酸钾作为放线菌分离的抑制剂时一定要注意控制其使用浓度。(3)油松纯林、虎榛子纯林及混交林根际土壤微生物的数量均明显高于林缘土。不同季节油松和混交林地根际土壤微生物变化规律相似,而虎榛子纯林的变化幅度较大。(4)通过形态观察共鉴定出真菌20个属55个菌株,未鉴定的菌株尚有23个,它们中绝大多数不产生孢子,没有产孢器,用普通观察法很难鉴定;共鉴定出放线菌8个属26个菌株,尚有9个菌株未鉴定出其归属;通过形态观察和生理生化试验,共鉴定出细菌16个属的41个菌株,另有10个菌株尚未鉴定出其归属。更多还原

【Abstract】 In damaged Daqingshan mountains ecosystem, Ostryopsis davidiana and Pinus tabulaeformis can grow well. The paper studied on microorganism of mycorrhiza of their woodlands. Made a series research on the separating conditions and inhibitors using.Selected several important influencing factors and established new optimal combinations on separating from soil of mycorrhiza base on the traditional method. The result indicated that bacteria separating optimal combination is SEB culture medium﹢Big beading （Φ=5⁷mm ,55grains）﹢no Sodium Deoxycholate﹢Vibrating time 90min（160rad·min-1）. Fungi separating optimal combination is MA culture medium﹢Big beading﹢1% Sodium Deoxycholate﹢Vibrating time 60min. Actionmycetes separating optimal combination is no heat treatment +SGEA culture medium﹢Big beading﹢1%Na4P2O7·10H2O﹢Vibrating time 60min.Experiment testified that tetrachlorofluorescein is not a better inhibitor in fungi separation, Amikacin is a perfect inhibitor in fungi separation. It can restrain the bacterial growing and have no infection in fungi separation, the best concentration is 0.1ml·L^-1. Potassium bichromate is the first choice inhibitor of rhizospheric actionmycetes’separation, the best concentration is 10mg·L-1. But high concentration can inhibit actionmycetes grow, the concentration come to 60mg·L-1, the separate number of actionmycetes decrease evidently. So choose Potassium bichromate as actionmycetes’inhibitor must pay attention to control its concentration.Microorganism biomass of Pure Pinus tabulaeformis and Ostryopsis davidiana and mixed forest are obviously higher than forest edge. Change regularity of rhizospheric microorganism of mycorrhiza in Pure Pinus tabulaeformis and mixed forest are similar in different season, but pure Ostryopsis davidiana changed extent is more observably.Through the form observation we identified fungi 20 genera 55 strains. There are 23 strains haven’t identified, most of them have no spore and conceptacle, it’s hard to identified by form observation. Through the form observation and physiological and biochemical test we identified bacteria 16 genera 41 strains, 10 strains haven’t identified. 8 genera 26 strains of actionmycetes have identified, but 9 strains haven’t identified.更多还原