【作者】 王华；

【导师】 黄小用；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近代中国,为了抵御西方列强的侵略,谋求中国社会的富强,先进的中国人不断地“向西方国家寻找真理”,黄遵宪便是其中的杰出代表之一。在长期的外交实践中,黄遵宪形成了具有鲜明个人特色的外交思想,他的外交思想对当时清政府的对外活动以及外交人员的实践都产生过不小的影响。本文将对黄遵宪外交思想形成的背景、主要内容及其特点作一探讨。黄遵宪外交思想形成背景。黄遵宪外交思想是晚清这一历史大变局下的产物,是时代影响在人们头脑中的反映。黄遵宪外交思想是在长期的外交实践中形成的,是从感性到理性的升华。黄遵宪外交思想的主要内容有:“伸自主之权”,“保公众之益”,以夷制夷,“交邻之有大益”。这些观点不仅来源于黄遵宪的外交实践,也指导着他的外交活动。黄遵宪外交思想具有鲜明的个人色彩。坚持了有理有利的原则,国家利益至上的原则,民族认同原则,均势原则。更多还原

【Abstract】 In modern China, in order to resist the western big powers’aggression, seeking the progress of the Chinese society, the advanced Chinese unceasingly "seeks the truth to the western nation。HUANG ZUN-Xian then is one of the outstanding representatives. In his long-term diplomatic practice, he formed a unique and progressive content diplomatic thought, Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomatic thought had a great influence to the Qing government’s foreign activity as well as people’s thought at that time, had a certain status in the Chinese modern history. This article was for the purpose of discussing the formation, the main content and the characteristic of Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomacy thought.First part, the formation of Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomacy thought. First was the influence of the time。The time when Huang ZUN-Xian lived, was the late Qing government was compelled to need to start to establish diplomatic relations with the European and American big powers, and gradually expands and became initiative. Therefore, the time needs such diplomacy talented person as Huang ZUN-Xian and their diplomatic thoughts. Second was the influence of diplomatic practice. How Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomacy thought was formed and received the influence of these concrete factors in his long-term diplomacy practice. Third was the influence of his home environment. Huang ZUN-Xian lived in a family of the officials, received very good traditional education and to be able to highlight, which had built a good foundation for his later diplomatic work, in addition Huang ZUN-Xian was deeply influenced by the ideological trend of practical, yearning for the diplomatic work. Second part, the main content of Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomacy thought. Huang ZUN-Xian in his long-term diplomatic practice, had formed his own diplomatic thought, including: First is the thought of“extends the power of self-management, guarantees profit for the public”. It was Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomacy thought core, most of his diplomacy practice manifests this thought. Second was the thought of using one barbarian to control the other, it inherits our country tradition diplomacy thought, mainly manifests in "association Japan anti- Russia", "to popular Asia", as well as "the North Korean Strategy" center diplomatic thought, it mainly was the time product, but at that time, it had a certain rationality. Third is the thought of "hands over the neighbor to have the big profit". It was one kind of open diplomatic thought, which was formed after Huang ZUN-Xian’s long-term diplomatic practice and comparing research of Japan, America and Europe. We still had the inspiration and the model significance regarding today.Third part, the characteristic of Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomacy thought. Huang ZUN-Xian had a prominent individuality and his characteristic was obvious. The characteristic of his diplomatic thought mainly includes: First is based on the world, presently holds true advantageously struggle strategy, this also is why Huang ZUN-Xian could become one of the outstanding diplomat important reasons. Second is the nationalism. Here nationalism mainly means the patriotism. The patriotism is the main melody of Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomacy thought, continuously is passing through Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomacy thought, even all his life. Third is the limitation. As a result of the time and the social class as well as individual reason, Huang ZUN-Xian’s diplomatic thought inevitably had certain limitations. We should make a historical judgment to analyze and to regard, also cannot sedulously conceal and excessively castigate. But the flaw does not cover the fine jade after all.更多还原