【作者】 王瑜；

【导师】 程先富；

【作者基本信息】 安徽师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 委婉语广泛运用于英语和汉语中，它是一种语言现象，也是社会文化的产物。委婉语有助于交际中愉悦感的产生，往往可获得良好的交际效果。如果不能正确理解和使用委婉语，交流的通畅性将在某种程度上受到影响。随着人们关注到委婉语的重要性，委婉语已成为人际文化研究的重要对象之一。同时，委婉语也是研究语言的性别差异时一个显著的用语模式，它在语用价值和社会价值两方面都具有极大的研究意义。委婉语是女性用语的倾向性选择。一般来说，女性在语言交际过程中倾向于使用礼貌语言和模糊语言来含蓄地传递信息、表达情感。具体表现在，通常的语言交谈中，相对于男性来说，女性的遣词造句更为含蓄委婉，多用模糊限制语、喜用反意疑问句，语气较为温文尔雅。本文将主要探讨委婉语的具体表现形式，以H．Paul Grice的“合作原则”、RobinLakoff的“礼貌原则”、Geoffrey Leech的“礼貌准则”以及Penelope Brown & StephenLevinson的“面子理论”为研究视角，将委婉语与性别语言做关联性研究。前人对委婉语的认识尚无突破词汇学和术语学的范畴，包括委婉语的词汇类型、产生根源等。而运用社会语言学、心理语言学和语用学的研究理论，通过实证调查、数据分析，可以研究委婉语使用中男性和女性的用语频率、相关的心理特征以及由此反映出的心理和文化制约因素。语言是文化的载体，委婉语的形成自然也受到社会文化的影响。男女的语言差异在很大程度上是受社会心理因素制约的。两性语言差异形成的客观外围环境社会文化操纵作用十分强大。环境因素可以从传统文化观念和社会规范两方面得到印证。从制约语言模式的个体与社会维度分析理解语言的性别差异，从中可以反映出委婉语的动机领域人际修辞和社会协调。更多还原

【Abstract】 Euphemism, frequently used in both English and Chinese, is a linguistic phenomenon as well as a cultural one. It usually helps to bring about a sense of pleasantness in communication, thus making the communicators get along better with others. In a sense, without proper application of euphemism, communication would be impossible. Euphemism has become one of the major subjects of interpersonal-cultural studies as people come to realize the significance of euphemism.Meanwhile, as one of the typical patterns of language gender differences, euphemism has prominence in the pragmatic study and in the social investigation. Euphemism is the preferable choice of women’s language with the reflection of using polite and vague expressions for the sake of sending messages with implication. Generally speaking, women’s language tends to be milder using more hedges, tag questions and euphemistic expressions in the conversation.The present thesis aims to focus on the micro-study of euphemism from the angle of gender differences in language. Under the guidance of Grice’s Cooperative principle, Brown and Levinson’s Face theory, the politeness theory of language communication is reflected to maintain the equality of the speaker and the listener for the better communicative effect. The predecessors’ understanding of euphemism has not broken through the aspects of lexicology and terminology including the lexical form, social sources, etc. Using the methodology of sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics and pragmatics, frequency in euphemism application, psychological features and social and cultural restraint are expected to be exposed through the empirical study and data analysis.Language is the carrier of culture. Euphemism’s emergence and development is stimulated by the social and cultural factors. To a great extent, the gender differences in language are restricted by the social and psychological factors. Social culture, the objective environment of language, is very effective to lead to the gender differences which could be proved by traditional cultural notion and social conformity. To explore the gender differences in language from the dimensions of the individual and the society, motives of euphemism application could be found to achieve interpersonal rhetoric and social accommodation.更多还原