【作者】 殷绪明；

【导师】 徐庆国；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织诱导率不高，继代易褐化，分化率不高，严重阻碍着基因工程技术在水稻育种中的应用。本研究选用不同籼稻品种和常规粳稻品种作为实验材料，在同一培养方式下，分析不同籼稻品种成熟胚愈伤组织诱导率和分化率之间的差异及籼稻品种与粳稻品种成熟胚愈伤组织诱导率与分化率之间的差异；选用6个在生产上具有重要应用价值的杂交水稻亲本，对组织培养体系参数进行适当优化，建立了6个品种高频再生体系；选用5个在生产上具有重要应用价值的杂交水稻亲本，在组织培养各个阶段添加不同浓度的铜元素，分析铜元素对籼稻成熟胚组织培养的影响；分析不同水稻品种组培苗与田间育苗农艺性状之间的差异，为目前应用细胞工程和基因工程技术来改良籼稻品种提供理论依据。其主要研究结果如下：1．水稻基因型是影响籼稻成熟胚组织培养力高低的关键因素。杂交水稻不育系、保持系比常规籼稻品种、杂交水稻F₁种子和恢复系品种成熟胚培养力低，杂交水稻F₁种子受亲本恢复系基因型的影响较大。2．MB培养基比较适合籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织诱导，不同品种对不同激素种类和浓度的反应差异很大。对于不同的品种，干燥处理和两步分化途径对愈伤组织分化率的影响差异很大。3．铜元素能够有效地降低成熟胚愈伤组织褐化率和提高愈伤组织分化率，不同品种在组织培养不同阶段所需铜元素浓度差异很大。4．不同品种组培苗的农艺性状与田间育苗的农艺性状进行比较得出，对于同一农艺性状不同品种的变异差异很大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mature embryo of Indica Rice has vast application prospects intransgenic studying, because it can be getfreely, but the inductionrate and the differentiation frequency of callus from mature embryoof Indica Rice is very low, the frequency of callus browning is highin subculture period. All this is a barrier to the application ofgenetic engineer to rice breeding. This study use different IndicaRice varieties and Japonica rice varieties as material to analyzethe difference of induction and differentiation of the callus frommature embryos between different varieties in the same tissueculture method. Select 6 Indica hybrid rice parents as material,which possess important application value in rice breeding andoptimize the parameter of tissue culture system to establish theplant regeneration system of the 6 varieties. Select 5 Indica hybridrice parents as material, which posses important application valuein rice breeding, to analyze the influence of copper to the tissueculture of mature embryos with the addition of differentconcentration copper to media at different period of tissue culture.Analyze the difference of agronomic traits between all varietieswith different treatment. All this result from the study willprovide theory basis for applying cell engineer and geneticengineer to improve the varieties. The result are as follows:1. Genotype is a dominant factor in regeneration system ofrice. The culture ability of indica cms line and maintainer line islower than that of conventional indica rice , hybrid Fl generationand restore line. Genotype of the restore line’influence the cultureability of hybrid Fl generation.2. MB medium is suitable for callus induction of mature embryos,Different varities respond differently to different kind andconcentration of hormone、different treatment and differentiationapproach.3. The callus bromning frequency will be reduced with theaddition of copper to the media, the concentration of copper is verydifferent in different period of tissue culture of different varieties.4. The difference of mutation of the same agronomic traits ofdifferent varieties is very great .更多还原