【作者】 孙世伟；

【导师】 王秀香；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文运用了文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法,数理统计法,通过对部分地区高中体育教师和从事400米跑的学生运动员进行了问卷调查,调查的内容主要从对合理膳食的认知情况、运动员机体能量消耗情况、运动员用餐现状、膳食能量的主要来源及提高400米跑运动员成绩存在的问题等多个方面进行了调查与分析,找出其存在问题和不足之处,让运动员和体育教师认识到合理膳食营养摄取补充手段的重要性,并了解这一重要知识结构体系。最终制定了实施400米跑合理膳食结构的四个前提条件:确保供给运动员的正常生理活动,就必须不断提供运动员所需的能量;确保满足特殊环境下运动员的营养需求;避免膳食中营养素缺乏和过量;合理配合膳食中的营养素。九项400米跑合理膳食核算原则:运动员的营养需要;经济状况;运动员个人饮食习惯;注意易损失、易缺乏的营养素;营养素的合理搭配;运动员生理状况的变化;市场供应情况;确定是比赛前或训练前的营养摄取还是比赛后或训练后的营养摄取。最后提出了合理膳食营养的核算方法(食物成分表计算法)为从事高中400米跑的运动员和体育教师(教练员)提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this article, using the method of document, the method of discussing, question of the survey, the method of calculate .In some sections, according to survey teacher of physical education and 400m sprint athletes, Inquisitional mostly content are the complexion about reasonable meals cognize, body energy consume, meals actuality, mostly fountain of reasonable which improves achievement of 400m sprint athletes. The athlete and teacher of physical education understand the importance of the suit meal. Maybe they study the knowledge .Establish four presupposing of reasonable meals configurable which are insuring the athlete frequent physiological activity, insuring the nutrition requirement of athlete in special environment ,avoiding the lack of nutrition and the more of nutrition in the suit meal, and working in the best nutrition in reasonable meals. There are nine principle of reasonable meals which are the need of athlete nutrition, the economy status, the habit of athlete bite and sup, attention to losing nutrition easily, arranging in pairs of groups the nutrition with reason, the variety of athlete physiological activity, the complexion of market serving and insuring the time of absorb nutrition .And the last put forward the method of the reasonable meals .It will provide reference and help for 400m sprint athletes and teachers of physical education.更多还原