【作者】 宋凯；

【导师】 甘岚；

【作者基本信息】 华东交通大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在嵌入式技术迅速普及的今天，Linux操作系统，由于其开放源代码、高稳定性和低成本等特性，非常适合于嵌入式系统的开发，成为了嵌入式领域里发展最快的操作系统。改进通用Linux操作系统的实时性能，使其更加适应嵌入式的应用具有很大的实际意义，目前已经成为国内外计算机界的研究热点之一。虽然，目前国内外对该课题的研究已经有一段时间，但是就Linux内核本身的实时性而言，仍然在很多方面存在不足，有待进一步对其进行研究改进。本文对这个课题的研究主要有四个部分的内容。第一部分：嵌入式Linux实时性研究分析。介绍了对Linux实时性的研究工作，通过对实时系统、实时操作系统及衡量实时操作系统重要指标的分析阐述，总结了Linux实时性问题的四大原因。另外，对现有Linux实时系统的实现思想和方法进行了分析比较，提出了自己对于Linux实时性问题的切入点。第二部分：Linux实时性改进方案。本部分在前面分析的基础上，首先缩小了自己的研究范围。讨论了解决标准Linux内核不可被抢占的两种方案，并通过分析提出了本文采用的改进方案。借鉴上一部分提出的理想实时系统模型，对Linux源代码从四个方面进行了修改。另外还给出了笔者的调试方法和调试过程，并形成了改进后的Linux内核，该内核经过测试对于实时性的改进有一定的效果。第三部分：基于改进后Linux内核的嵌入式系统构建。本部分的目的旨在构建图像处理软件的平台，平台的核心(即OS)采用上文形成的Linux内核。内容包括U-Boot的移植、ARM Linux的移植、网卡和LCD驱动的设计以及根文件系统的建立。第四部分：嵌入式Linux实时内核应用。介绍了嵌入式图形用户界面平台MiniGui在实时内核上的移植以及基于MiniGui的图像处理软件的设计与实现，还对该软件运行在改造前后内核上的情况进行了分析。通过分析比较，肯定了使用实时Linux内核作为嵌入式图像处理软件OS平台的必要性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Today embedded technology is popularizing rapidly. Linux, as its open source, high stability, low cost and some other characteristics, is so fit for embedded system developments and has become the fastest developing operating system in this field. Improving general Linux’s real-time capability to make it more fit for embedded system applications is of great practical significance and has become one of hot research directions in domestic and foreign computer fields.Although the research on this project has been done for a period of time, but the real-time capability of Linux kernel still has some shortage, and the project should be researched further. The contents of this thesis include four main parts.Firstly, the thesis introduces the real-time capability research and analysis of embedded Linux. Through expatiating the real-time system, the real-time operating system and its important guideline this paper summarizes four main reasons for the real-time capability of Linux and puts forward the entry point for solving the problem on the basis of comparing the current realization thoughts and methods of Linux real-time system. Secondly, the paper brings forward the improved scheme of Linux’s real-time capability after discussing and analyzing two schemes for settling the problem of Linux kernel unable to be interrupted. The ideal real-time system model advanced above being used for reference Linux source codes are modified from four aspects and the debugging method and process are given. Then the improved Linux kernel is formed, which is tested to have a certain effect on improving real-time capability. Thirdly, the author introduces the construction of the embedded system based on improved Linux kernel. In this part the image processing software platform is built, which includes the migration of U-Boot and ARM Linux, the design of network card and LCD driver and the creation of root file system. At last the real-time application of embedded Linux kernel is discussed, which referred to migrating the embedded GUI platform MiniGui to real-time kernel and the design and realization of the image processing software based on MiniGui. Through analyzing and comparing the situations of the software running on the improved and non-improved kernel, this thesis affirms the necessity of using real-time Linux kernel for embedded image processing soft’ware OS platform.更多还原