“南狮”历史文化与发展现状的研究

【作者】 姜喜平；

【导师】 赵炳南；

【作者基本信息】 华南师范大学 ， 民族传统体育学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 “舞狮”是我国民间对狮子认识、接受、喜爱、模仿、创新的一种民间舞蹈，经过发展、演变成一种民间体育娱乐项目。它内容丰富，种类繁多。按地区可分为“北狮”和“南狮”。“南狮”又称“雄狮”、“醒狮”，盛行于广东、广西以及东南亚各国，其中广东省最为流行。本文运用专家访谈法、文献资料法、实地调查法对“南狮”活动的文化内涵、表演风格、发展现状等方面进行了较为系统地研究。通过对魏晋南北朝时期、唐宋时期、明清时期的“舞狮”活动进行相关介绍，我们可以了解舞狮的历史发展过程。通过对民间“南狮”活动的主要代表人物——黄飞鸿、梁钜发等进行的相关介绍，使我们了解南狮的传承。黄飞鸿将“武”与“舞”相结合，形成南派舞狮独特的表演风格。随着武侠电影的发展，以黄飞鸿为题材的电影层出不穷，为“南狮”活动的迅速发展起了积极的宣传作用。梁钜发前辈是当今南狮广泛推广的传播者，并对南狮的裁判规则进行了较为深入的研究。本文通过为广东省以及省内广州市、佛山市、东莞市的南狮历史进行阐述，并走访了多名民间艺人和“南狮”专家，发现“南狮”主要存在下列不足：1参赛队伍数量不定；2裁判队伍层次不均；3参加表演收益不等；4技术区域发展有别；5器材装备笨重落后。针对上述问题提出相应的解决办法：1加强理论建设，提高人才素质；2健全竞赛法规，完善比赛规则；3改善装备器材，增加外型包装；4加大宣传力度，扩大市场影响；5拓展市场运作，吸引“南狮”朋友。随着我国加入WTO，以及北京申奥成功，我国将以更快的速度融入全球化的进程，获得更为广阔的发展空间。二○○六年五月二十日狮舞列入国务院批准文化部确定的第一批国家级非物质文化遗产。联合国科教组织文件指出：“对于许多民族，非物质文化遗产是该民族的基本识别标志，是维系摄取生存的生命线，是民族发展的源泉。”而国内有些学者仅对“舞狮”活动的分类、文化、技术等方面作了相关研究，对“南狮”活动的历史文化、代表人物、发展现状等研究较少。笔者希望通过本文对南狮历史文化和发展现状的研究能够起到抛砖引玉的作用，让更多的人重视南狮文化的发展，为南狮更好的适应市场化、国际化奠定良好的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The activity of lion -dancing is a kind of folk dances of counting that is a accepting, liking, intimating and innovating toward lion, with an abundant contents and numerous category, according to the region, can be divided into "north lion" and "south lion" that can also be called male lion and awake lion. South lion is an activity of lion -dancing which is popular in south china, including Guangdong、Guangxi and other countries around southeast Asia, especially inGuangdong.Adopting south methods such as expertise and documentation and on-site inspection, this article systematically studies the culture content, technical features, perform style and present developing condition of the south lion, through related introduction on the activity of lion- dancing among dynasties from Wei and Jin, tang song to Ming Qing, we can learn some related history. The main represent person: Huang Feihong and Liang Jufa are also introduced in this article. Huang combined Wushu and dance together, formed a special performing style of south lion. With the development of the swordsmen films, the films in the theme of Huang emerges in an endless stream, which plays active role in the propagation of south lionThrough on-site inspection, the activity of south lion in Guangzhou, Foshan and Dongguan are on the spot investigated, meanwhile, many experts on south lion and folk artisans were interviewed, the following deficiencies were discovered:1 The quantity of participation isn’t stable2 The level of the judges isn’t even.3 Equipment and supplies fall behind.4 The development of technical areas is different.5 The performing profits is not equal.Aiming directly at the problems above, the corresponding countermeasure are raised :1 Enhancing theoretical construction improve quality of the talented man. 2 Perfect the competition laws and perfect game rule.3 Expand market operations, regulations attract friends of "south lion"4 Enlarge propagation, expand the influence in the market.5 Improve the equipment and supplies, increase the exterior casing.For these reasons, enlarge the external communication, top market potentialities, stimulate the enthusiasm of the masses completely. Some local scholars have made some related research on its classification, culture and character, but the south ridge culture, technical, features and the developing conditions are very limited. The writer hope passes this text what can have already thrown the function. The research of the south lion history culture and the development present condition let more people. It lay good foundation for the south lion.更多还原