【作者】 鲁曾；

【导师】 董海洲；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农产品加工及贮藏工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 水酶法提油是近年来研究较多的提油方式,它在温和的条件下进行,不会造成蛋白质的严重变性,对于节约能源,增加可利用的蛋白质资源,提高提取油脂的质量具有重要意义。本文在前人研究的基础上,利用纤维素酶、蛋白酶酶,首次研究建立了玉米胚芽分步酶解法提油工艺,并对玉米胚芽蛋白进行了初步提取,主要实验结果如下:1实验室条件下玉米胚芽油的最佳提取工艺为:料液比为1∶0.78;玉米胚芽颗粒大小为105目;纤维素酶添加量为6936u/g;蛋白酶添加量为1670u/g;纤维素酶酶解时间为4.3h;蛋白酶酶解时间为2.8h;最高清油提取率为75.38%,用石油醚浸提后其总提油率达到98.4%。2实验室条件下玉米胚芽蛋白提取的最佳工艺为:缓冲溶液的pH值:10.8;提取时间:1.86h;提取温度:52.5℃;料液比:1∶9.27;沉淀pH值为4.2;总提取率为76.54%3水酶法提油对油脂理化性质的影响与溶剂浸提法、压榨法相比有较大差异性,从理化性质上看其提取油脂质量较好;而其脂肪酸含量与其它两种方法相比无差异性,水酶法提油所的油脂的VE含量低于浸提法,磷脂含量较低,抗氧化能力高于压榨法。4玉米胚芽水酶法提油的数学模型为:Y=0.59794X2-2.11569X1×X6 -0.00320X22+1.25456X5+0.99979X12+0.00212X3-0.86843X62+6.7858X6+0.00023X4,提油率主要受玉米胚芽颗粒大小、纤维素酶添加量的影响;提油率与纤维素酶添加量、纤维素酶酶解时间、蛋白酶添加量呈正相关;对于玉米胚芽颗粒大小在小于186目时与提油率呈正相关,在大于186目时与提油率呈现负相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aqueous enzymatic extraction is a new method which free oil can be obtained through enzymatic hydrolysis and centrifugation without material drying. The conventional methods of separating oil and protein are mechanical expression and solvent extraction. Although high amounts of oil can be extracted by these methods, the protein in the residue is denatured which leads to the residue being less useful. The objective of this dissertation was to develop the technology of aqueous enzymatic extraction of corn germ oil and study the methods of protein extraction. Main result and conclusion are as follows:1 Under the laboratory condition the optimum parameters are as follows: The raw material and liquid rate is 1:0.78, the size of corn germ is 105 mesh and cellulose’s amount of influx is 6936u/ g, the reaction time is 4.3 h. The protease’s amount of influx is 1670u/ g, reaction time is 2.8h. Under these conditions, the oil extraction rate is 75.38%.2 The optimum parameters of proteins extraction as follows: pH was 10.85, temperature was 52.5℃, reaction time was 1.86h, the raw material and liquid rate was 1:9.27;the deposit pH is 4.2.The proteins extraction rate was 76.54% under these conditions.3 The oil quality of aqueous enzymatic extraction is better than conventional methods from physicochemical property, and is as the same as conventional methods on the content of fatty acid, although on the content of Vitamin E is lower than solvent extraction, oxidation resistance is higher than mechanical expression.4 The mathematical model of aqueous enzymatic extracting oil is Y=0.59794X2-2.11569X1×X6-0.00320X22+1.25456X5+0.99979X12+0.00212X3-0.86843X62+6.7858X6+0.00023X4.The extraction rate is mainly influenced by the volume of the corn germ and the cellulose’s recruitment. Then the extraction rate correlated positively with the cellulose’s recruitment, the cellulose’s reaction time and the protease’s recruitment. And when the volume of the corn germ is below the 186 mesh, which is correlated positively with the extraction rate, if not, the volume of the corn grain is negatively correlated with the extraction rate.更多还原