【作者】 盛保华；

【导师】 高良敏；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究采用日本研制生产的s-15型生态厕所为实验装置,分别利用木屑与纯豆秆混合物和纯豆秆作为填充基质处理人类排泄物。实验内容包括:混合物基质的各种参数(温度、含水率、PH值、TN、TP、TK等)的变化规律研究,纯豆秆基质与混合物基质的各参数(温度、含水率、PH值、TN、TP、TK等)对比分析,以及两种基质的最终反应物的稳定性、腐熟度评价。研究结果显示:(1)混合物基质能够有效的消除臭味,在整个反应过程中,混合物基质温度和含水率的稳定性良好,平均温度基本维持在45℃左右,含水率保持在50%左右,能够有效的促进微生物的生长、繁殖。(2)减量化效果非常明显,使用19周后,混合物基质减少人类排泄物359.05kg,减少率为97.7%;纯豆秆基质减少人类排泄物410.83kg,减少率为96%。最终反应物经过表观鉴别和种子发芽率实验证明反应物的腐熟度很好,达到稳定、安全、不对环境产生二次污染的要求。(3)通过实验研究作为生态厕所的使用基质,混合物比纯豆秆有更多的优越性。主要表现在纯豆秆基质对臭味的消除能力较差,当纯豆秆基质的含水率大于50%时,就有可能产生臭味,同时又因为纯豆秆基质吸水性差和PH值较高,更加容易造成氨气的产生和挥发,既产生臭味又造成营养元素的损失,最终肥料中的氮元素含量(17.9g/kg)较低,是混合物基质氮元素含量(43.1 g/kg)的一半。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mixture of beanstalk and sawdust and pure beanstalk were used to decompose human feces as substrate, the s-15 bio-toilet presented by Japan Science and Technology Agency was employed in this experiment. The contents of experiment: study on parameter variation rules of mixture substrate; comparative analysis parameter of mixture substrate and pure beanstalk and evaluation of stability and compost maturity of two substrates.The key research results of the paper were as follows:(1) Bad odor could effectively be removed. Temperature and water content of mixture substrate had very good steability during the course of reaction, average temperature maintained at 45℃, water content holded at 50%, could effective accelerate growth and propagation of microorganisms.(2) The decrease of weight was obviously after 19 weeks, human feces was decreased by 359.05kg and 97.7%, when the mixture substrate was as reaction substrate; Human feces was decreased by 410.83kg and 96%, when pure beanstalk was as reaction substrate. Apparent distinction and seed germination experiment proved that compost maturity of the final reacting substance was good and could achieve the request of stability, safe and avoiding re-pollution of the environment.(3) Mixture as substrate of bio-tiolet was better than pure beantalk in the experiment. Pure beanstalk substrate was worse in removing odor when water content was up to 50%. In addition, the bad hygroscopicity of pure beanstalk and high PH value caused ammonia easier to volatile, which caused bad odor and nutrient elements loss. Finally nitrogen content was lower and about half of nitrogen content in human feces when mixture was as reaction substrate.更多还原