【作者】 谢向波；

【导师】 高秉雄；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 中外政治制度， 2007， 硕士

【副题名】来自河南省X村的解读

【摘要】 自从实行经济体制改革以来，中国农村发生了很大变化，农村妇女有了更多的机会走出家门参加生产，参与社会生活。另一方面，村民自治在中国农村社会推行后，给农村妇女的参政模式带来了新的变化，农村妇女可以不再听令于组织的恶意安排，而是同男性一样接受竞争的洗礼。然而，在我国一些经济欠发达地区，面临着一些更加艰难的挑战和问题，农村妇女的政治参与表现出另一种特色。本文以河南省L县X村为研究区域，通过实地调查，主要采用个案分析的方法，来研究X村妇女参政状况并予以解读。在现行的村落环境下，男女间拥有的资源不对等，男女的社区观念和文化存在差异，在面临政治参与时，男性势必会利用自身的强者优势，进行反思和谋划，侵犯女性的权利。而女性由于各种条件的限制，无力发挥应有的能力，或是在政治参与时带有很大的非自主性，政治意识淡薄，在同男性进行竞争时处于一种弱势边缘地位，她们的参政是在男权所允许的范畴内，并且也不会引起男、女两性矛盾和冲突的情况下进行的。经济上的独立和制度的保护在某种程度上并未改变部分农村女性政治参与受男权控制的现象。在详实描述X村妇女政治参与的基础上，文章分别从妇女、环境和制度三个角度对妇女政治参与现状的成因进行了分析。认为，传统的性别分工模式制约了妇女参政的主动性。在这种文化氛围的熏陶和影响之下，农村妇女很大一部分出现政治冷漠现象，自身缺乏竞争的实力；而制度实施中的纰漏及X村政策执行者对政策的理解偏差在一定程度上也为妇女的参政设置了障碍和困难。要改变现阶段欠发达地区妇女政治参与的现状，文章认为需从以下几个角度入手进行治理：塑造平等的性别文化；提高农村妇女自身素质；提高政策执行者的社会性别意识；加大监督力度，规范妇女政治参与工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 After economic system revolution happened, the village has changed. The women have more opportunity to take part in social activities. Meanwhile, after village actonomous happened in the village, the women’s political participation has changed. Women don’t act the order of organizations but compete for the member of village committees the same as men. But in the western china the village has more questions. Women’s political participation is different.But nowadays in the village, because resources are unequal between men and women, and men are different from women in community idea and culture, men usually use own superiority to encroach women’s right. Meanwhile women can’t change the situation due to themselves’ weakness. Sometimes women are non-independent in taking part in politics. Compared with men, women are weak in competition. In some area independence in economic and national systematic arrangement don’t change questions in rural women’s political participation.On the base of describing village women’s taking part in politics, the paper analyses the cause of the phenomenon from the angles of subject, object and environment of political participation. Then the paper point out that sexual culture, ability of women and mistakes of policy performer are the main cause to prevent women from taking part in politics.To promote the women’s political participation. The measures should be implement as fellows: First, equal sexual culture should be developed. Second, village women’s own quality should be promoted. Third, policy performer’s sexual culture should be promoted. Forth, village union should be supervised and regulated.更多还原