【作者】 李兵；

【导师】 马重芳； 陈永昌；

【作者基本信息】 北京工业大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 高压静电和微电解都是近年来发展起来的水处理新技术,由于这些技术通常集抗垢、缓蚀、杀菌功能于一体,而且具有环保、节能的功效。所以已经成为国内外竞相研究的热点。本文研究了高压静电场和微电解技术在静态条件下对大肠杆菌的杀灭作用,而且考察了电压、电导率和电极材料等因素对微电解杀菌的影响,并进一步在动态条件下进行微电解杀菌的实验,比较了在静态和动态条件下微电解对灭活大肠杆菌的效果,探讨了杀菌的机理。结果表明在静态实验条件下,高压静电场对大肠杆菌有一定的杀灭作用,但是作用时间较长且效果不稳定。杀菌效果随施加的电压和处理时间的增大而增强,水样的电导率变化对杀菌效果没有明显影响。而加入一定量的氯离子则对高压静电的杀菌性能有增强的作用。相比较而言微电解对于大肠杆菌则有明显的杀灭作用,杀菌效果随着电压、氯离子浓度的增大而增强,同时细菌浓度越低,处理时间越长,处理效果越明显。另外研究了不同电极材料金属钛电极和石墨电极对微电解杀菌效果的影响。结果表明,用金属钛作电极对大肠杆菌的杀灭效果要优于石墨电极。此外,本文利用动态实验方法,研究了微电解在流态条件下对水溶液中的大肠杆菌的灭活作用。分别以两种循环方式处理:一次通过水处理器和在整个系统中的循环处理。结果表明,杀菌性能与电压和处理时间成正比关系,杀菌效果显著,如果在溶液中含有一定量的氯离子,则对微电解杀菌的效果能有明显的提高。一次通过后的杀菌率就可以达到100%。最后,利用动态污垢监测实验台做了在模拟工业循环水条件下的实验,研究微电解对循环水中的污垢和细菌的综合作用。结果表明,微电解方法对循环水中的结垢和微生物滋生都有明显的抑制效果。可以应用于工业循环冷却水的处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 High voltage electrostatic and micro-electrolysis are all the new water treatment methods in recent years. These technologies not only have the functions of the anti-fouling, corrosion inhibition and sterilizing, but also are very environment protect and energy saving. They have become the focus competitively both at home and abroad.In this paper, we studied the effect of sterilization of micro-electrolysis and high voltage electrostatic field under the static experimental condition, and got the effect of different factors, such as material of the electrode, voltage and conductance to the sterilization with the micro-electrolysis. And then we conducted the dynamic experiment to compare the different results of the static and dynamic experiment and approached the mechanism of sterilization.In the static experiment, the high voltage electrostatic field has the effect of sterilization for the E.coli, but it will take a long time and the capability is not steady. The effect of the sterilization increased by the increases of the voltage and treatment time. The conductance of the water does not have something to with the effect of sterilization. It will enhance the effect of the sterilization for adding the Cl~- into the water. Otherwise, the micro-electrolysis has the obvious effect of the sterilization on the E. coli. The effect increased by the increases of the voltage and the concentration of the Cl~-. The less concentration of the bacteria and the more time for treatment both can enhance the effect of the sterilization. And we study the effect of sterilization for the micro-electrolysis with the Ti and graphite as the electrodes. It says that the Ti electrode is the better than the graphite electrode for micro-electrolysis to sterilize.Moreover in the dynamic experiment, we study the effect of the sterilization on the E. coli of the micro-electrolysis in the flow regime. It includes once through the processor and circulating the processor. The result shows the capability of the micro-electrolysis is direct ratio with the voltage and the treatment time. The effect is very obvious. Cl~- added can enhance the effect of the sterilization obviously. The bacteria killing rate can reach to 100% for once through the processor to the water which includes some Cl~-.At last, under the simulate industrial circulating cool water system, anti-fouling and sterilization experiment were conducted at the same time with the on-line monitoring apparatus of fouling resistance. Meanwhile we studied effect of the micro-electrolysis to the fouling and bacteria in the circulating water. It shows that the micro-electrolysis can solve the two problems of the circulating water which are fouling formatting and bacteria growth effectively. It can be used in the circulating cool water treatment.更多还原