【作者】 陈玲；

【导师】 马养民；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 植物学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 杠柳(Periploca sepium Bge)是萝藦科(Asclepiadaceae)杠柳属(Periploca)植物,又名北五加皮,羊奶子,香加皮,山五加皮等,主要分布于吉林,辽宁,内蒙古,河北等省区。根皮,茎皮可供药用,能祛风湿,壮筋骨强腰膝;治风湿性关节炎,筋骨痛等。关于杠柳的研究在20世纪50年代就开始了,证明其有多种活性,但是对杠柳的研究主要集中在根部,对地上部分研究较少,为了充分利用杠柳资源,进一步探究其活性作用的物质基础,我们对杠柳叶的化学成分进行了研究,通过活性跟踪对其杀虫活性成分进行了初步研究。采用试管法和圆形滤纸法对杠柳叶的化学成分进行了系统预试,初步确定其含有酚性成分,有机酸,皂苷,黄酮类及其苷类,植物甾醇、三萜类化合物;可能含有生物碱,糖、多糖及其苷类,鞣质,强心苷,内酯、香豆素及其苷类。以生物活性跟踪法测定了杠柳叶萃取物对三龄粘虫(Mythimn separata(Walker))和菊小长管蚜(Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Gillette))的杀虫活性。结果表明乙酸乙酯萃取物的活性最高,其中乙酸乙酯萃取物经硅胶柱层析分离后F3组分的触杀活性最高,其24h对蚜虫的致死中浓度(LC50)是0.5263 mg/mL,72h对粘虫的致死中浓度(LC50)是2.9032 mg/mL。在活性跟踪下对乙酸乙酯萃取物进行了分离纯化,得到了5个化合物,分别是化合物G1,G2,G3,G4,G5。从F3组分分离到化合物G5,对其进行了活性测定。同时对正丁醇萃取物进行了分离纯化,得到化合物G6,G7。对7个化合物进行了理化性质和光谱分析(UV、IR、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、FAB-MS)鉴定,最终确定了5个化合物结构,其中有一个新化合物G3:羽扇-11(12)-20(29)-二烯-3β-醇(lup-11(12)-20(29)-two ene-3β-ol),化合物G1是齐墩果酸,G5是槲皮素,G6是槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯,G7是异槲皮苷,这些化合物都是首次从该植物中发现;其中槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯,羽扇-11(12)-20(29)-二烯-3β-醇在杠柳属植物中首次发现。更多还原

【Abstract】 Periploca speium Bge belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, It is distributed in the Jilin, Liaoning, Neimenggu, Hebei pronvinces and so on of China. The roots of this plant have been used in Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of rheumatism, arthritis, bones and muscles-ache, boost up waist and knees, bones and muscles. Scholars have taken the attention of the Periploca speium. since the fifties of the twentieth century. But few chemical constituents or bioactivities of above ground of Periploca speium Bge have been reported. In order to research the chemical constituents and bioactivities of Periploca speium Bge, we have studied the constituents of the leaves of Periploca speium Bge.Through preliminary systematic test on chemical composition of periploca sepium Bge leaves, the result indicated that main constituents were phenols, organic acids, saponins, flavonoids and its glycosides, steroids and triterpenoids; alkaloids, carbohydrates and its glycosides, tannins,cardiac glycosides, lactones , coumarins and its glycosides were possible constituents.Study on bioactivities of extracts from periploca sepium Bge leaves against Mythimn separata(Walker)and Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Gillette) was carried on by bioassay-driven separation. The result showed that ethyl acetate partition was more activity than others. After ethyl acetate partition was isolated in the silica gel column, F3 was more contact poison activity than others, its LC50 standing at 2.9032 mg/mL in 72 hours against Mythimn separata(Walker), and 0.5263 mg/mL in 24 hours against Macrosiphoniella sanborni(Gillette).Seven compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extraction and n-butanol extraction seperately by partitioning the ethanolic extraction from the leaves of Periploca sepium Bge. Five of them were identified by chemical methods and by spectral analysis (IR, UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and FAB-MS), lup-11(12)-20(29)-two ene-3β-ol is a new compound. The known compounds are oleanolic acid, quercetin, 6′-methyl ester of quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide, isoquercitrin, All of them were isolated from periploca Sepium Bge for the first time.更多还原