【作者】 申载贤；

【导师】 金东洙；

【作者基本信息】 延边大学 ， 人体解剖与组织胚胎学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：研究下颌骨实体标，本并经过测量了解下颌骨的解剖规律；研究正常人下颌骨的解剖特点以及下颌管的走行规律和位置关系和解剖结构，提出防治下牙槽神经受损伤的方法，尤其是对牙槽嵴萎缩的老年患者实施牙种植术提供了可能性，扩大了牙种植的适应症，为临床牙种植提供了可靠的参考数据以及解剖学依据。方法：选取15具牙列完整的成人离体下颌骨标本和5具经过动脉血管内灌注的新鲜标本，测量下颌骨在每个牙位截面上有关牙槽嵴以及下颌管的相关数据，然后进行统计学分析。结果：牙槽嵴顶以及下方10mm宽度有前向后逐渐增宽；牙槽嵴由上向下逐渐增宽；下颌管位于下颌骨体内下方走行中偏舌侧，并近下颌骨下缘，在下颌第一、二磨牙区下颌管走行与下颌下缘成平行状，在近颏孔时才转向外和向颊侧出颏孔；下颌管内血管位于下牙槽神经之上。结论：对下颌管进行离体标本多断面的观察和测量，能直观逼真的反应了牙种植区颌骨的质量，以及下颌管在各个方向上的空间位置，为牙种植手术前设计提供准确可靠的依据，使得临床医师能更好的制定手术方案，提高牙种植的成功率，预防领骨侧壁穿孔等并发症的发生。牙种植术中按正常解剖方位并且侧重颊侧骨板操作，可避免损伤下牙槽神经。如果术中下颌管内突然涌出大量新鲜血，则提示继续手术可能损伤下牙槽神经。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To study the correlation between anatomicstructure of theinferior alveolar nerve canal and dental implantation by measueingmandible innervation esemplars. Advancing the methods of preventionand cure to injuring, the inferior alveolar nerve, enlarging adapting ofdental implantation and providing credible assisting in the anatomy.Methods: The intramandibular course of mandibular canal and itsdimendion were measured in 15 mandibles with teeth; the relationshipbetween blood vessel and nerve was observed in 5 fresh samples inwhich the artery was filled;and then the datas were analysed bystatistics.Results: The mandibular canal was close to the lingual side and theinferior margin of the mandibie, the mandibular canal and the undersideof mandible were parallel in the region of the first and the second molars.it runned outboard to genal aperture when it was hereabout genalaperture, and the blood vessel lay above nerve in the mandibular canal.Conclusions: In implant operation performed according to normalanatomy, injury to inferior alveolar nerve may be avoided, Hemorrhage is the earliest manifestation suggesting that continuing drill may damagethe inferior alveolar nerve.更多还原