【作者】 吴红静；

【导师】 谢明勇； 王远兴；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 营养与食品卫生学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对乌骨鸡脂质的提取、成分分析及药理学作用进行了较深入的研究，为乌骨鸡脂质作为功能食品基料和新药开发的研究奠定了应用基础，其主要研究结果概括如下：1．将溶剂提取工艺应用于乌骨鸡脂质提取工艺的研究中。采用中心旋转组合设计进行响应面分析，最终优化得到的条件为：提取温度为73℃，提取时间为60min，固液比为1∶6.6，在此条件下脂质提取率最大值为9.34％，相对提取率为98.52％，比优化前仅用单一溶剂的相对提取率提高了35.11％。2．溶剂提取法得到的乌骨鸡脂质外观是浅黄色半透明油状半固体，酸价为4.367，皂化价为175.9，过氧化值0.11％，碘价124.3；3．采用HPLC法测定乌骨鸡脂质中的α-维生素E含量为25.41±0.47μg／g，其含量显著高于同等条件下饲养的普通鸡种(麻鸡)脂质中的含量。4．采用邻苯二甲醛比色法测定乌骨鸡脂质中胆固醇含量。乌骨鸡总胆固醇含量为1.29mg／g脂质，转化为鲜鸡中含量为12.29mg／100g。5．通过GC／MS联用技术分析乌骨鸡脂质脂肪酸组成，并与其他畜禽肉脂肪酸组成进行比较。乌骨鸡脂质不饱和脂肪酸含量占总脂肪酸的63.17％；必需脂肪酸γ-亚油酸、亚油酸、花生四烯酸、EPA、DHA占总脂肪酸的26.67％，其中EPA和DHA的含量分别为0.75％和0.69％。与其他畜禽比较，乌骨鸡脂肪酸中饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸的比例最接近于1∶1∶1。6．采用自然衰老模型的老龄小鼠，研究乌骨鸡脂质抗皮肤衰老的作用。通过研究发现，乌骨鸡脂质可以显著提高小鼠皮肤含水量、羟脯氨酸和胶原蛋白的含量，具有抗皮肤衰老的作用。7．分别采用失血性血虚和溶血性血虚两种模型研究乌骨鸡脂质的补血作用。乌骨鸡脂质可以极显著升高血虚小鼠的体温，显著增强小鼠的体力，显著升高小鼠红细胞数、白细胞数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞积压和胸腺指数，实验结果显示乌骨鸡脂质对失血性和溶血性化学损伤作用所产生的血虚有补血作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Black-bone silky fowl is a traditional Chinese medicine. The extraction, components analysis and pharmacology function of lipids from Black-bone silky fowl were investigated in this paper, which will provide scientific functions for their further developments as active ingredients in functional food, or new medicine. The main studies and results in the paper are mentioned as follows:New extraction technologies of mixed solvent extraction designed by Box-Behnken Designs were applied in extracting lipids of Black-bone silky fowl, which examined by the yield of lipids. Based on these, response surface methodology was carried out and the following optimum parameters technology parameters were obtained: 73℃of extraction temperature for 60 min, 1:6.6 of ration of mixed solvent. The yield of lipids was 9.34% under optimum parameters, which accounted for 98.52% of CM extraction method.External appearance of Lipids of Black-bone silky fowl extracted by mixed solvent method is flavescens semiopaque semisolid. The physico-chemical property of lipids were acid value 4.367, saponification value 175.9, peroxide value 0.11, iodine value 124.3. And the content ofα-tecopherol was 25.41+0.47μg/g lipids in black bone silky fowl, it significantly higher than that in Chongren chicken which were under the same breeding conditions.An o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) colorimetry method was developed for the determination of cholesterin in lipids of Black-bone silky fowl. The results showed that the method was simple and dependable, and the color of the treated samples was stable within 4 h. The cholesterin content in lipid of Black-bone silky fowl was 1.29mg/g, which amounted to 12.29 mg/100 g in fresh chicken.The fatty acids composition of lipids from Black-bone silky fowl was determined by GC/MS. The results showed that the black-bone silky fowl lipids was characterized by high contents of unsaturated fatty acids, and the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid/polyunsaturated fatty acid was nearly 1:1:1.Lipids from Black-bone silky fowl can obviously increase the level of WBC, RBC、HB of both blood losing and haemolyticus model mice, raise the body temperature, physical strength and thymus index of haemolyticus model. It suggested that lipids from Black-bone silky fowl had good effects on blood-supplement.Lipids from Black-bone silky fowl could significantly increase the water, Hyp and collagen contents in derma of old KM mice compared with lipids from Chongren chicken.更多还原